A Review of the Eel Genera Leptenchelys and Muraenichthys, with the Description of a New Genus, Schismorhynchus , and a New Species, Muraenichthys chilensis
A Review of the Eel Genera Leptenchelys and Muraenichthys, with the Description of a New Genus, Schismorhynchus , and a New Species, Muraenichthys chilensis
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鳗鱼属 Leptenchelys 和 Muraenichthys 的回顾，以及新属 Schismorhynchus 和新种 Muraenichthys chilensis 的描述
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发表时间：
1970
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通讯作者：
J. Mccosker
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作者：
J. Mccosker
埃奇林属Leptencbelys被认为是单型的，与Muraenich thys明显不同。本文报道了一个新属-圆唇鱼（Muraenichth ys labialis西尔）的学名。Muraenichthys属包含19个已知物种，分布于热带、亚热带和温带印度洋-太平洋。M. cbilensis是一个新的物种，与澳大利亚南部的同类物种有亲缘关系，是新大陆的第一个已知物种。目前的分布Muraenichthys和密切相关的属Schultzidia和Scbi smorbyncbas可能是由古地理，古气候和成人栖息地的偏好。Muraenichthys物种可以分组的差异，在后鼻孔的条件，齿系，和头部孔的位置。在分类学上提出了以下变化：Leptenchelys pinnaceps Schultz = Callechelys melanotaenia Bleeker。塔斯马尼亚鳗Muraenichth ys tasmaniensis McCulloch和塔斯马尼亚鳗Scolencb elys tasmaniensis smithi Whitley =塔斯马尼亚鳗Muraenichth ys vermiforrmis Peters。M. ogilbyi Fowler = M.大鳍鱼蛇鳗科的Muraenichthys属和Leptencbelys属目前包括细长虫鳗的异质组合，每一个都是由于缺乏突出的特化特征而进行的一般性组合。许多作者最近的工作澄清和混淆了这些复杂的属。Schultz和Woods（19 - 49）给出了Muraenichthys的种检索表，并描述了两个新种。Schultz等人（1953）后来将Leptencbelys从Muraenichthys中分离出来，并描述了一个新物种，Leptench elys pinnaceps。本文对L. Vermiformis Myers and Wade，1941（USNM 101785）的基因型表明，该种缺乏中腹吻沟，鳃开口低而不狭窄，后一特征与Muraenichth ys种明显不同。对Leptencb elys pinnaceps（USNM 202543）的副型的研究表明，该分类单元是Callechelys m elanotaenia Bleeker，1864的初级同义词。其余的物种先前参考来自圣地亚哥加州大学斯克里普斯海洋研究所的Lep 1 Contribut ion。修订稿于1970年2月5日收到。作者单位：美国加利福尼亚大学斯克里普斯海洋研究所，圣地亚哥（拉霍亚，加州92037）. tencbelys，Muraenichth ys labialis西尔，1917，与Mttraenichthys种相似，但在其有凹槽的吻部和细长的前鼻孔方面有所不同。到目前为止，只有热带、亚热带和温带的印度-西太平洋物种被正确地称为Mttraenichth ys。1965年“Anton Bruun”探险队在智利近海岛屿发现了一个未描述的物种，这是新大陆上该物种的第一个记录。本文旨在：（B）描述一个新属- cbilensis，（d）讨论了M . cbilensis或其祖先种到新大陆，和（e）澄清Mttraenichthys内的物种，并讨论自Schultz和Woods（1949）以来遗漏或描述的物种。材料和方法所有测量均为直线测量，使用300 mm标尺，刻度为0.5 mm（标准长度，躯干
The echeline genus Leptencbelys is recognized as monotypic and differs markedly from M uraenich th ys. Scbism orbyncbus, genus novum, is erected for M uraenichth ys labialis Seale. The genus M uraenichthys contains 19 known species in the tropical, subtropical, and temperate Indo-Pacific Ocean. M. cbilensis, a new species showing affinities to southern Australian congeners, is the first known from the New World. The present distribution of Muraenichthys and of the closely related genera Schultzidia and Scbi smorbyncbas is perhaps explained by paleogeography, paleoclimatology, and adult habitat preferences. Muraenichthys species may be grouped by differences in posterior nostril condition, dentition, and head pore placement. The following changes in taxonomy are proposed : Leptenchelys pinnaceps Schultz = Callechelys melanotaenia Bleeker. M uraenichth ys tasmaniensis McCulloch and Scolencb elys tasmaniensis smithi Whitley = Muraenichth ys vermifo rmis Peters. M. ogilbyi Fowler = M. macropterus Bleeker. THE OPHICHTHID GENERA M uraenichthys and Leptencbelys currently comprise heterogeneous assemblages of elongate worm-eels, each generically assembled for lack of outstanding characters of specialization. Recent work by various authors has both clarified and confused these complex genera. Schultz and Woods (19 49) gave a key to the species of Muraenichthys and described two new species. Schultz et al. (1953) later separated Leptencbelys from M uraenichthys and described a new species, Leptench elys pinnaceps. My examination of the holotype of L. vermiformis Myers and Wade, 1941 (USNM 101785) , the genotype, has shown it to lack a median ventral snout groove and to possess low, unconstricted gill openings, in the latter character differing markedly from the species of M uraenichth ys. Examination of the paratype of Leptencb elys pinnaceps (USNM 202543) has shown the taxon to be a junior synonym of Callechelys m elanotaenia Bleeker, 1864. The remaining species previously referred to Lep1 Contribut ion from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Uni versity of California, San Diego . Revised manuscript received Febru ary 5, 1970. 2 Gr aduate D epartment , Scripps Inst itution of Oceanography , University of Californ ia, San D iego (La Jolla, California 92037 ). tencbelys, M uraenichth ys labialis Seale, 1917, is similar to species of M ttraenichthys but differs in' its grooved snout and elongate anterior nostrils. Until now, only tropical, subtropical, and temperate Indo-West Pacific species have properly been referred to M ttraenichth ys. The discovery of an undescribed species collected by the 1965 "Anton Bruun" expeditions in the offshore islands of Chile represents the first record of this speciose genus in the New World. Th e purposes of this review are : (a) to describe a new genus, Scbismorbyncus, (b) to provide a key to the identification of the species of Mttraenichthys and related genera, (c) to describe a new species, M . cbilensis, (d) to discuss the possible origins and the dispersal of M . cbilensis or its ancestral species to the New World, and (e) to clarify the species within M ttraenichthys and to discuss species omitted by or described since Schultz and Woods ( 1949). MATERIALS AND METHODS All measurements are straight-line measurements, made either with a 300-mm ruler with 0.5 mm gradations ( for standard length , trunk