A latent variable approach to executive control in healthy ageing
A latent variable approach to executive control in healthy ageing
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bandc.2012.01.005
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Palmer, Alfonso
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adrover-Roig, Daniel;Sese, Albert;Palmer, Alfonso
这是一个公认的发现，中央执行分为至少三个可分离的组成过程：更新，转移和抑制信息（三宅等，2000年）。然而，老年人中央执行功能的分离还没有得到很好的探索，三宅等人的潜在结构还没有与其他提出额外成分的模型相结合，例如获得长期信息。在这里，我们对122名年龄在48岁至91岁之间的健康个体进行了一系列经典和更新的神经心理学执行功能测试。测试成绩进行了潜变量分析（LISREL），并产生了四个因素。得到的因子结构与Miyake et al.的三因素模型。然而，在我们的结构方程分析中，一个额外的因素，被标记为“获得长期记忆的效率”和一个中介因素（“处理速度”）是明显的。此外，在我们的健康老年人样本中，描述执行功能的最佳模型包括一个双因素的解决方案，从而表明了一种可能的去分化机制，这涉及到更大的相关性和相互依赖性的潜在变量作为认知老化的结果。这些结果进行了讨论，根据目前的模型的前额叶皮层功能。(C)2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
It is a well-established finding that the central executive is fractionated in at least three separable component processes: Updating, Shifting, and Inhibition of information (Miyake et al., 2000). However, the fractionation of the central executive among the elderly has been less well explored, and Miyake's et al. latent structure has not yet been integrated with other models that propose additional components, such as access to long-term information. Here we administered a battery of classic and newer neuropsychological tests of executive functions to 122 healthy individuals aged between 48 and 91 years. The test scores were subjected to a latent variable analysis (LISREL), and yielded four factors. The factor structure obtained was broadly consistent with Miyake et al.'s three-factor model. However, an additional factor, which was labeled 'efficiency of access to long-term memory', and a mediator factor ('speed of processing') were apparent in our structural equation analysis. Furthermore, the best model that described executive functioning in our sample of healthy elderly adults included a two-factor solution, thus indicating a possible mechanism of dedifferentiation, which involves larger correlations and interdependence of latent variables as a consequence of cognitive ageing. These results are discussed in the light of current models of prefrontal cortex functioning. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.