Seasonal Dynamics of Soil Fungal and Bacterial Communities in Cool-Temperate Montane Forests
Seasonal Dynamics of Soil Fungal and Bacterial Communities in Cool-Temperate Montane Forests
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2019.01944
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发表时间：
2019-08
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Nobuhiko Shigyo;K. Umeki;T. Hirao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nobuhiko Shigyo;K. Umeki;T. Hirao
土壤中的真菌和细菌群落在多个时间尺度上驱动森林生态系统过程中发挥着关键作用，但环境因素的季节性变化如何塑造这些微生物群落还不清楚。在这里，我们的目的是评估季节，海拔和土壤深度在确定土壤真菌和细菌群落的重要性，考虑到气候条件，土壤性质和植物性状的影响。在这项研究中，真菌和细菌之间的多样性和丰度的季节模式并不同步，土壤肥力解释了土壤真菌的多样性和丰度，但土壤水分含量解释了土壤细菌的多样性和丰度。基于模型的聚类分析表明，土壤真菌和细菌丰富类群和稀有类群的季节变化存在差异。以外生菌根菌属乳菇属为代表的类群是土壤真菌群落中的优势类群，并随季节变化而变化。土壤细菌优势属组成的类群具有季节稳定性，但随海拔和土壤深度变化较大。季节性变化的土壤细菌群（例如，Nitrospira和Pelosinus）不是优势类群，与植物物候有关。这些研究结果表明，气候条件，土壤肥力和植物物候的季节性变化对微生物群落的贡献可能等于或大于这些因素的空间异质性的影响。我们的研究确定了地上-地下成分作为解释中高纬度森林土壤中微生物群落在一年中变化的关键因素。
Both fungal and bacterial communities in soils play key roles in driving forest ecosystem processes across multiple time scales, but how seasonal changes in environmental factors shape these microbial communities is not well understood. Here, we aimed to evaluate the importance of seasons, elevation, and soil depth in determining soil fungal and bacterial communities, given the influence of climate conditions, soil properties and plant traits. In this study, seasonal patterns of diversity and abundance did not synchronize between fungi and bacteria, where soil fertility explained the diversity and abundance of soil fungi but soil water content explained those of soil bacteria. Model-based clustering showed that seasonal changes in both abundant and rare taxonomic groups were different between soil fungi and bacteria. The cluster represented by ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius was a dominant group across soil fungal communities and fluctuated seasonally. For soil bacteria, the clusters composed of dominant genera were seasonally stable but varied greatly depending on elevation and soil depth. Seasonally changing clusters of soil bacteria (e.g., Nitrospira and Pelosinus) were not dominant groups and were related to plant phenology. These findings suggest that the contribution of seasonal changes in climate conditions, soil fertility, and plant phenology to microbial communities might be equal to or greater than the effects of spatial heterogeneity of those factors. Our study identifies aboveground–belowground components as key factors explaining how microbial communities change during a year in forest soils at mid-to-high latitudes.