The course of vocational functioning in patients with schizophrenia: Re-examining social drift.
The course of vocational functioning in patients with schizophrenia: Re-examining social drift.
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精神分裂症患者的职业功能过程：重新审视社会漂移。
DOI：
10.1016/j.scog.2014.01.001
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Harvey,PhilipD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Vargas,Gabriela;Strassnig,Martin;Sabbag,Samir;Gould,Felicia;Durand,Dante;Stone,Laura;Patterson,ThomasL;Harvey,PhilipD
精神分裂症患者的职业功能明显受损。除了就业率低外，据报道，精神分裂症患者与其他家庭成员相比表现不佳。造成这种职业障碍的原因可能包括认知缺陷和其他技能缺陷，以及影响就业机会的社会因素。在这项研究中，我们检查了两个独立的精神分裂症患者样本，他们的教育和社会背景不同。我们比较了参加门诊康复机构（n = 57）或在VA医疗中心接受门诊服务（n = 39）的精神分裂症患者的个人教育和母亲教育。从整个样本来看，他们的职业地位从最好的工作到最近的工作都在下降。在康复机构接受教育的患者比他们的母亲完成的教育少，而退伍军人事务部的患者完成的教育更多。个人教育程度和母亲教育程度之间的差异，预示了整个样本中最佳工作和最新工作之间的地位差异。退伍军人事务部患者更有可能独立生活，在功能能力的测量上比康复样本表现得更好。这些数据暗示了精神分裂症的职业衰退，也表明这种衰退可能在疾病正式发病之前就开始了。与此同时，职业成果似乎与社会机会有关。
Vocational functioning is markedly impaired in people with schizophrenia. In addition to low rates of employment, people with schizophrenia have been reported to be underachieved compared to other family members. Among the causes of this vocational impairment may be cognitive deficits and other skills deficits, as well as social factors impacting on opportunities for employment. In this study, we examined two separate samples of people with schizophrenia who differed in their educational and social backgrounds. We compared personal and maternal education in people with schizophrenia attending an outpatient rehabilitation facility (n = 57) or receiving outpatient services at a VA medical center (n = 39). The sample as a whole showed evidence of decline in vocational status from their best job to their most recent job. Patients attending a rehabilitation facility had completed less education than their mothers, while the VA patients completed more. Differences between personal and maternal education predicted the difference in status between best and latest jobs in the sample as a whole. VA patients were more likely to be living independently and performed better on a measure of functional capacity than the rehabilitation sample. These data implicate vocational decline in schizophrenia and also suggest that this decline may originate prior to the formal onset of the illness. At the same time, vocational outcomes appear to be related to social opportunities.