The vacuoles containing multivesicular bodies: a new observation in interaction between Ustilago esculenta and Zizania latifolia
The vacuoles containing multivesicular bodies: a new observation in interaction between Ustilago esculenta and Zizania latifolia
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含有多泡体的液泡：黑粉菌与茭白相互作用的新观察
DOI：
10.1007/s10658-013-0303-7
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Hyde, Kevin D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Jing-ze;Chu, Fu-qiang;Hyde, Kevin D.
摘要食用黑粉菌侵染菰属植物，引起上部秆膨大。作为一种可食用的水生蔬菜，这些竹子被称为交白（白色竹）。利用光镜和电镜技术，研究了灰竹植株从幼苗到上部茎膨大的真菌发育过程。所有灰胶植株均比所有胶白植株相对较高，且灰胶植株在茎膨大后的刀切切片中孢子囊群发育存在差异。光学显微镜观察表明，菌丝既有胞内的，也有胞间的，形成菌丝聚集体，且节上的菌丝比节间的多。菌丝聚集体在膨大前15天迅速增加，大量寄主细胞死亡，菌丝聚集体分化为孢子囊群始基。超微结构观察表明，在真菌与寄主相互作用的界面处，胞内菌丝被包裹在一个鞘内，鞘外为电子不透明层，内为电子致密层。鳞片状物质和膜结合的囊泡通常存在于鞘的外部电子不透明基质中。这些真菌细胞中偶见嗜中性粒细胞、脂质球（LGs）和多泡体（MVB）。在夏季，丰富的电子致密的MVB，LG和含有MVB的液泡较少的真菌细胞。随着温度的降低，一些MVB变得电子不透明，一些内部囊泡也是电子不透明的，随后，MVB消失，在液泡中留下不规则的残余物质。在菌丝聚集的快速增加过程中，液泡内不规则的物质残留消失，LGs很少。在孢子囊群发育的初期，菌丝聚集体细胞中的LGs再次变得丰富。通过组织切片、细胞学和超微结构观察，系统地观察了孢子囊群和冬孢子的发育过程，并分析了各发育阶段之间的关系。孢子囊群的发育是随着上部茎膨大的开始而发生的，但在同一组织中有差异。孢子囊群中冬孢子的发育也不均匀。孢子囊群的内部比外部发育得早。
Ustilago esculenta infects Zizania latifolia plants and induces swelling on their upper culms. As an edible aquatic vegetable, these swellings are called jiaobai (white bamboo). The process of fungal development in Huijiao (grey bamboo) plants from seedlings to upper culm swelling was investigated using knife cut tissues, light and electron microscopy. All Huijiao plants were relatively taller than all jiaobai plants and in knife-cut sections sori development differed after culm swelling in Huijiao plants. Light microscope examination show that hyphae were both intracellular and intercellular, forming hyphal aggregations, and were more abundant in nodes than in internodes. Rapid increase of hyphal aggregations occurred 15 days before culm swelling, causing the death of abundant host cells, and hyphal aggregations differentiated into sori initiates. Ultrastructural observation showed that intracellular hyphae at the interface of fungus-host interaction were encased in a sheath with outer electron-opaque and inner electron-dense layer. Scale-like material and membrane-bounded vesicles were often present in an outer electron-opaque matrix of the sheath. Vacuoles, lipid globules (LGs) and multivesicular bodies (MVBs) were occasionally seen in these fungal cells. In summer, abundant electron-dense MVBs, LGs and fewer vacuoles containing MVBs were present in a fungal cell. As the temperature decreased, some MVBs became electron-opaque, some internal vesicles were also electron-opaque, and subsequently, the MVBs disappeared, leaving irregular remnant materials in vacuoles. During the rapid increase in hyphal aggregations, the irregular remnants of material within the vacuoles disappeared and LGs were rare. At the beginning of sori development, LGs once again became abundant in the cells of hyphal aggregation. The process of sorus and teliospore development was observed systematically and relationships between each developmental stage examined from knife cut tissues, and cytological and ultrastructural sections. Sorus development occurred with the commencement of upper culm swelling and differed in the same tissues. Teliospore development was also uneven in a sorus. The inner region of a sorus developed earlier than the outer part.