Black carbon flux in terrestrial and aquatic environments of Kodaikanal in the Western Ghats, South India: Estimation, source identification, and implication.
Black carbon flux in terrestrial and aquatic environments of Kodaikanal in the Western Ghats, South India: Estimation, source identification, and implication.
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印度南部西高止山脉科代卡纳尔陆地和水生环境中的黑碳通量：估计、来源识别和影响。
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158647
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Karthik V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Karthik V
不断发展的人类世时代对大气碳的变化产生了重大影响，从而影响了碳循环，导致气候变化。了解碳储量、命运和跨生态系统的运输对于确定印度的碳预算至关重要，迄今为止，这是无法实现的。在本研究中，我们利用2019年9月至2021年2月收集的数据，分析了西高止山脉地区高海拔山区陆地和水生黑碳的储量、来源、分布、通量以及两者之间的关系。土壤有机碳（SOC）和黑碳（BC）在林区最高（SOC:23±3g C/kg（干重（dw））， BC:6±3g /kg），在城市地区最低（SOC: 13±2g C/kg (dw), BC:2±1g /kg）。SOC是不稳定的，而BC是不稳定的。BC/SOC代表土壤碳不稳定性。表层土壤BC/SOC比率因土地利用和土地覆盖而异，城市地区比森林地区具有更大的稳定碳库。溶解BC （DBC）浓度与中游（R= 0.6,p< 0.05）、源流（R= 0.3, p< 0.05）和土壤体积DBC （R= 0.3, p< 0.05）浓度相关性最强，表明土壤存在向河流转移的机制。分子关联揭示了具有生物活性的原生化合物的存在，表明土地利用和土地覆盖在流域中起着至关重要的作用。DOC与季节水文和梯度呈正相关，显著影响区域河流DBC通量。观测到的陆地和水生碳储量与全球模拟数据的相互比较表明，对区域尺度的储量估计过高。这些新发现对区域气候变化政策框架产生了影响。此外，研究结果表明，为了更好地理解和量化生物地球化学过程循环及其相关的气候影响，需要对BC进行一致的量化，并整合区域和全球源-汇过程。
Evolving Anthropocene epoch wields significant influence in altering atmospheric carbon, which affects the carbon cycle, leading to climate change. Understanding the carbon stock, fate, and transport across ecosystems are essential in determining India's carbon budget, hitherto, unavailable. In this study, we have analysed the stock, source, distribution, flux, and the relationship between terrestrial and aquatic black carbon over a high-altitude mountainous area in the Western Ghats region using the data collected from September 2019 to February 2021. Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) and Black Carbon (BC) are the highest in the forest region (SOC:23 ± 3 g of C/kg (dry weight (dw)), BC:6 ± 3 g/kg) and are the lowest in the urban region (SOC: 13 ± 2 g of C/kg (dw), BC:2 ± 1 g/kg). SOC is labile, whereas BC is non-labile. The BC/SOC ratio represents soil carbon lability. Topsoil BC/SOC ratios vary by land use and land cover, with urban areas having greater labile carbon pools than the forests. Dissolved BC (DBC) concentrations were most strongly correlated with bulk Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) concentrations in midstream (R= 0.6,p< 0.05), headwater streams (R= 0.3, p < 0.05) and to the soil bulk DBC (R = 0.3, p < 0.05), indicating the presence of transfer mechanism of soil to streams. The molecular associations revealed the presence of biolabile autochthonous compounds suggesting the crucial role land use and land cover play on watersheds. A positive relationship between DOC with seasonal hydrology and gradient significantly influences the DBC flux across regional streams. Intercomparison of observed terrestrial and aquatic carbon stocks with globally modelled data indicates an overestimation of regional-scale stock. These new findings have repercussions to policy framework on regional climate change. Further, the results suggest that a consistent quantification of BC and integration of regional, and global source-to-sink process are needed in order to understand and better quantify biogeochemical process cycles and associated climatic impacts.