Racial Disparity Trends in Children's Dental Visits: US National Health Interview Survey, 1964-2010
Racial Disparity Trends in Children's Dental Visits: US National Health Interview Survey, 1964-2010
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.2011-0838
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Newacheck, Paul W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Isong, Inyang A.;Soobader, Mah-J;Newacheck, Paul W.
背景与目的：研究反复记录了美国儿童在单一时间点或短时间内接受牙科护理的明显种族/民族差异，但缺乏历史政策视角，无法深入了解这些差异是如何随时间演变的。我们的目标是研究1964年至2010年国家卫生政策对非裔美国人和白人儿童接受牙科护理的影响。方法：我们分析了1964年、1976年、1989年、1999年和2010年全国健康访谈调查中2至17岁儿童的种族和牙科保健利用数据。因变量如下：儿童在过去12个月内的牙科就诊记录和儿童从未看过牙医的历史。主要自变量为种族（非裔美国人/白人）。我们计算了样本患病率，chi(2)检验按年比较了非裔美国人/白人的患病率。我们对2000年美国人口普查进行了年龄标准化估计。结果：美国非洲裔和白人儿童在过去12个月内未就诊的比例从1964年的52.4%显著下降到2010年的21.7%，而从未就诊的儿童比例从33.6%显著下降到10.6% （P < 0.01）。非裔美国人/白人儿童牙科使用率的明显差异，虽然在1964年很大且具有统计学意义，但到2010年减弱并变得不显著。结论：我们证明了1964年至2010年儿童接受牙科服务的两项措施中非洲裔美国人/白人差距的显著缩小。然而，要消除儿童口腔健康状况中持续存在的种族差异，还有很多工作要做。儿科2012;130:306 - 314
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Research that has repeatedly documented marked racial/ethnic disparities in US children's receipt of dental care at single time points or brief periods has lacked a historical policy perspective, which provides insight into how these disparities have evolved over time. Our objective was to examine the impact of national health policies on African American and white children's receipt of dental care from 1964 to 2010.METHODS: We analyzed data on race and dental care utilization for children aged 2 to 17 years from the 1964, 1976, 1989, 1999, and 2010 National Health Interview Survey. Dependent variables were as follows: child's receipt of a dental visit in the previous 12 months and child's history of never having had a dental visit. Primary independent variable was race (African American/white). We calculated sample prevalences, and chi(2) tests compared African American/white prevalences by year. We age-standardized estimates to the 2000 US Census.RESULTS: The percentage of African American and white children in the United States without a dental visit in the previous 12 months declined significantly from 52.4% in 1964 to 21.7% in 2010, whereas the percentage of children who had never had a dental visit declined significantly (P < .01) from 33.6% to 10.6%. Pronounced African American/white disparities in children's dental utilization rates, whereas large and statistically significant in 1964, attenuated and became nonsignificant by 2010.CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate a dramatic narrowing of African American/white disparities in 2 measures of children's receipt of dental services from 1964 to 2010. Yet, much more needs to be done before persistent racial disparities in children's oral health status are eliminated. Pediatrics 2012;130:306-314