Sclerophylly and leaf anatomical traits of five field-grown olive cultivars growing under drought conditions
Sclerophylly and leaf anatomical traits of five field-grown olive cultivars growing under drought conditions
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DOI：
10.1093/treephys/24.2.233
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发表时间：
2004-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Torres-Pereira, JMG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bacelar, EA;Correia, CM;Torres-Pereira, JMG
研究了5个油橄榄（Olea europaea L.）树品种（Arbequina，Blanqueta，Cobranqosa，Manzanilla和Negrinha）生长在田间条件下，水分供应量低。叶片测量包括叶组织厚度、气孔密度、叶面积、单位面积叶质量、叶组织密度、相对含水量、肉质度、水分饱和亏、饱和含水量和角质层蒸腾速率。我们发现相当大的品种之间的基因型差异。Negrinha，Manzanilla和Cobranqosa有更多的形态和结构的叶片适应，以防止水分流失比其他品种。Manzanilla和Negrinha通过建立薄壁组织和增加上角质层和上下表皮等保护结构来增强其硬叶。Cobrancosa通过高密度的叶组织和厚的角质层和毛状体层表现出良好的保护作用，防止水分流失。与Negrinha，Manzanilla和Cobrangosa品种相比，Arbequina叶片的毛状体层较薄，这意味着叶片对水分流失的保护较少;然而，较小叶片的发育可能会减少全株水平的水分流失。在栽培品种中，Blanqueta具有最大的叶片和一些可能导致高失水的解剖特征，特别是从近轴面。在形态结构水平上讨论了品种科普夏季胁迫的机制。
Leaf-level morphological and structural adaptations to reduce water loss were examined in five olive (Olea europaea L.) tree cultivars (Arbequina, Blanqueta, Cobranqosa, Manzanilla and Negrinha) growing under field conditions with low water availability. Leaf measurements included leaf tissue thickness, stomatal density, leaf area, leaf mass per unit area, density of leaf tissue, relative water content, succulence, water saturation deficit, water content at saturation and cuticular transpiration rate. We found considerable genotypic differences among the cultivars. Negrinha, Manzanilla and Cobranqosa had more morphological and structural leaf adaptations to protect against water loss than the other cultivars. Manzanilla and Negrinha enhanced their sclerophylly by building parenchyma tissues and increasing protective structures like the upper cuticle and both the upper and lower epidermis. Cobrancosa exhibited good protection against water loss through high density of foliar tissue and by thick cuticle and trichome layers. Compared with the Negrinha, Manzanilla and Cobrangosa cultivars, Arbequina leaves had a thinner trichome layer, implying that the leaves were less protected against water loss; however, the development of smaller leaves may reduce water loss at the whole-plant level. Among cultivars, Blanqueta had the largest leaves and some anatomical traits that may lead to high water loss, especially from the adaxial surface. The mechanisms employed by the cultivars to cope with summer stress are discussed at the morpho-structural level.