The effect of presentation rate on serial memory in young children with specific language impairment.
The effect of presentation rate on serial memory in young children with specific language impairment.
复制标题
呈现率对特定语言障碍幼儿连续记忆的影响。
DOI：
10.1044/jslhr.4106.1375
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fazio,BB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fazio,BB
该研究检测了一组患有特定语言障碍（SLI）的学龄前儿童的序列记忆能力，并与年龄和语言对照组进行了比较。儿童被要求识别短期和长期的演示持续时间下的系列模式。研究人员向受试者展示了常见物体的图像（似乎很容易重新编码成语音形式）和涂鸦和陌生面孔的标志性图像（似乎不需要重新编码）。在长时间呈现条件下，SLI儿童在所有3种任务上的表现与同龄儿童相似。然而，在简短的陈述条件下，SLI儿童在所有3项任务上的表现都比年龄匹配的同龄人差（与语言匹配的同龄人相似）。在所有条件下，当这些项目被短暂呈现时，SLI儿童的表现急剧下降。如果SLI幼儿的系列记忆缺陷是语音加工所特有的，那么他们在识别常见物体模式时的表现应该受到损害，但他们在其他不太可能被重新编码的视觉任务中的表现则不会受到损害。相反，SLI儿童的串行记忆受到任务呈现时间的影响。研究结果表明，识别序列模式在一定程度上取决于处理序列信息的速度。研究结果进行了讨论，在有限的处理能力的模型。
The study examined the serial memory ability of a group of preschool children with specific language impairment (SLI) who were compared to age and language control groups. The children were asked to recognize serial patterns under short and long presentation durations. The subjects were presented with images of common objects (that appeared to be easily recoded into a phonological form) and iconic images of scribble drawings and unfamiliar faces (that did not appear to invite recoding). Under long presentation conditions, the performance of children with SLI resembled that of their age-matched peers on all 3 types of tasks. However, under short presentation conditions, children with SLI performed worse than their age-matched peers on all 3 tasks (and similarly to their language-matched peers). The performance of the children with SLI declined dramatically in all conditions when the items were presented for a brief period. If the serial memory deficits of young children with SLI were specific to phonological processing, their performance on recognizing the pattern of common objects should have been impaired, but not their performance with other visual tasks that are less likely to be recoded. Instead, serial memory in children with SLI was affected by presentation duration across tasks. The findings suggest that recognizing serial patterns is dependent, in part, on the speed of processing serial information. The findings are discussed in relation to models of limited capacity processing.