Hunting weapons of the Middle Stone Age and the Middle Palaeolithic: spear points from Sibudu, Rose Cottage and Bouheben
Hunting weapons of the Middle Stone Age and the Middle Palaeolithic: spear points from Sibudu, Rose Cottage and Bouheben
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发表时间：
2006-11
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
P. Villa;Michel Lenoir
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作者：
P. Villa;Michel Lenoir
本文比较了来自两个南非遗址（西布杜和玫瑰小屋）的中石器时代点与来自法国西南部旧石器时代中期/阿舍利末期遗址 Bouheben 的点。 Sibudu 单面和双面尖头来自后 Howiesons Poort 组合，可追溯到 60 至 37 ka 之间，之前已被确定为矛尖；他们的诊断得到了形态测量和冲击断裂分析的有力支持。我们的论文表明：a) Rose Cottage 单面点和 Bouheben 的 Mousterian 点也可以解释为手工交付的矛尖； b) 投掷长矛的射程被低估了，以及 c) 没有理由将对早期狩猎行为的解释限制为将猎物置于不利地位并近距离杀死猎物。我们回顾了最近在非洲和欧洲出现的远程射弹技术的研究，并为 John Shea 的声明提供了支持，即使用投矛器飞镖尖端和箭头的有力证据仅出现在 50-40 ka 之前的地点。引用这篇文章：Villa, P. & Lenoir, M. 2006。中石器时代和旧石器时代中期的狩猎武器：来自 Sibudu、Rose Cottage 和 Bouheben 的矛尖。南部非洲人文 18 (1): 89-122。
This paper compares Middle Stone Age points from two South African sites, Sibudu and Rose Cottage, with points from Bouheben, a Middle Palaeolithic/Final Acheulian site in SW France. The Sibudu unifacial and bifacial points, from post-Howiesons Poort assemblages dated between 60 and 37 ka, have been previously identified as spear points; their diagnosis is strongly supported by both morphometric and impact fracture analyses. Our paper shows: a) that the Rose Cottage unifacial points and the Mousterian points from Bouheben can also be interpreted as hand-delivered spear tips; b) that the range of throwing spears has been underestimated, and c) that there is no reason to restrict interpretation of early hunting behaviour to placing the prey in a disadvantaged position and killing at close quarters. We review recent research on the appearance of long-range projectile technology in Africa and in Europe and provide support to statements by John Shea that strong evidence of the use of spearthrower dart tips and arrowheads occurs only at sites younger than 50-40 ka.To cite this article: Villa, P. & Lenoir, M. 2006. Hunting weapons of the Middle Stone Age and the Middle Palaeolithic: spear points from Sibudu, Rose Cottage and Bouheben. Southern African Humanities 18 (1): 89-122.