Beyond the hammer and the scalpel: selective circuit control for the epilepsies.

Beyond the hammer and the scalpel: selective circuit control for the epilepsies.
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DOI:
10.1038/nn.3943
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发表时间:
2015-03
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Soltesz, Ivan
Soltesz, Ivan
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Krook-Magnuson, Esther;Soltesz, Ivan

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目前的癫痫治疗方案不足,因为太多患者遭受不受控制的癫痫发作和治疗的负面副作用。除了治疗方面的重大挑战外,对癫痫的科学认识也不完整,癫痫研究中的关键问题仍未得到解答。光遗传学和设计受体技术的主要好处是它们提供了前所未有的和急需的特异性,允许空间、时间和细胞类型选择性调节神经元回路。有了这些工具,现在有可能开始解决癫痫中一些基本的未解问题,解剖癫痫神经元回路,并制定新的干预策略。这种特异性干预也具有直接治疗益处的潜力,允许健康组织和网络功能继续不受影响。在这方面,我们讨论了这些技术在癫痫发作和癫痫研究中的应用前景,以及这些策略在临床治疗中的潜在应用。
Current treatment options for epilepsy are inadequate as too many patients suffer from uncontrolled seizures and from negative side effects of treatment. Along with major challenges in treatment, scientific understanding of epilepsy is also incomplete, with key questions in epilepsy research remaining unanswered. The major benefit of optogenetic and designer receptor technology is the unprecedented and much needed specificity they provide, allowing spatial, temporal, and cell-type selective modulation of neuronal circuits. Equipped with such tools, it is now possible to begin to address some of the fundamental unanswered questions in epilepsy, to dissect epileptic neuronal circuits, and to develop new intervention strategies. Such specificity of intervention also has the potential for direct therapeutic benefits, allowing healthy tissue and network functions to continue unaffected. In this Perspective, we discuss promising uses of these technologies for the study of seizures and epilepsy, as well as potential use of these strategies for clinical therapies.
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