Design of an Air Blowing Device Above Seedbed: The Effect of Air Disturbance on the Microenvironment and Growth of Tomato Seedlings
Design of an Air Blowing Device Above Seedbed: The Effect of Air Disturbance on the Microenvironment and Growth of Tomato Seedlings
复制标题
苗床上方鼓风装置设计：空气扰动对番茄幼苗微环境及生长的影响
DOI：
10.21273/hortsci15136-20
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Shengli Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yang Li;Juanqi Li;Guoxiu Wu;Yanman Li;Aimin Shen;D. Ma;Shengli Li
近年来，在设施栽培中利用空气循环来改善苗木周围的微环境，进而促进光合作用和苗木生长。然而，一种实用而精确的空气循环装置还没有报道，特别是用于温室育苗的装置。考虑到苗床在育苗中的应用，设计了一种可在苗床上来回移动并精确控制风速的鼓风机。本试验以不吹风处理(CK)为对照，选择0.3、0.6、0.9m/S三种风速，研究了间歇吹风对番茄幼苗冠层微环境、幼苗生长生理、叶片气孔特征和茎秆力学的影响。3种风速均能显著降低苗木夏季冠层温度，比对照分别降低0.44、0.78和1.48℃，使叶温分别降低0.83、1.57和2.27℃。番茄苗期冠层相对湿度下降2.7%~7.0%。在0.6m/S风速下，番茄幼苗株高比对照降低13.54%，根干质量、根冠比和苗木质量指数分别提高34.63%、21.43%和14.29%，且番茄苗茎在空气干扰下的硬度、弹性等力学指标高于对照。风速0.6m/S的处理效果最好，茎基部和第一节的硬度和弹性均显著高于对照。综上所述，我们设计的吹风装置产生的空气扰动有效地改善了植物周围的微环境，增强了幼苗的生理活性，从而促进了幼苗的生长。
In recent years, air circulation has been used in protected cultivation to improve the microenvironment around seedlings, which in turn enhances photosynthesis and seedling growth. However, a practical and precise air circulation device has not yet been reported, especially one for growing seedlings in a greenhouse. Considering the use of a seedbed in seedling cultivation, a blower that can move back and forth on the seedbed and accurately control the air velocity is designed. In this experiment, we take the nonblowing treatment as the control (CK); three air velocities (0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 m/s) were selected to investigate the effect of interval blowing on the microenvironment of the canopy, physiology of seedling growth, stomatal characteristics of leaves, and stem mechanics of tomato seedlings. The three air velocities were found to significantly reduce the canopy temperature by 0.44, 0.78, and 1.48 °C lower than the CK, respectively, and leaf temperature by 0.83, 1.57, and 2.27 °C lower than the CK, respectively, in cultivated seedlings during summer. The relative humidity of the tomato seedling canopy decreased by 2.7% to 7.0%. Compared with the CK, the plant height of tomato seedlings decreased by 13.54% and root dry mass, root-shoot ratio, and seedling quality index (SQI) increased by 34.63%, 21.43%, and 14.29%, respectively, at 0.6 m/s. In addition, mechanical indexes such as hardness and elasticity of the tomato seedling stem were higher under air disturbance than those of the CK. The best effect was seen in the treatment with the air velocity of 0.6 m/s, in which the hardness and elasticity of the stem base and the first node were significantly higher than that of the CK. In conclusion, air disturbance generated by the air blowing device we designed effectively improved the microenvironment around the plants, enhanced the physiological activity of the seedlings, and thereby promoted seedling growth.