Metagenomic assessment of the diversity and ubiquity of antimicrobial resistance genes in Bangladeshi aquaculture ponds
Metagenomic assessment of the diversity and ubiquity of antimicrobial resistance genes in Bangladeshi aquaculture ponds
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aqrep.2023.101462
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发表时间：
2023-04
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ashley G. Bell;K. Thornber;Dominique L. Chaput;N. A. Hasan;Md. Mehedi Alam;M. M. Haque-M.;John W. Cable-John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ashley G. Bell;K. Thornber;Dominique L. Chaput;N. A. Hasan;Md. Mehedi Alam;M. M. Haque-M.;John W. Cable-John
在孟加拉国，鱼类提供了超过 60% 的动物源食品，其中 56.2% 来自主要在农村淡水池塘生产的水产养殖。对鱼产品的需求不断增加，导致集约化，导致疾病患病率上升，对粮食安全构成风险。孟加拉国农村水产养殖实践中往往缺乏生物安全，抗生素通常用于治疗和预防疾病爆发。抗生素的使用常常不正确——这是与抗菌素耐药性（AMR）产生相关的一个关键因素。抗微生物药物耐药性可以通过移动遗传元件在微生物生态系统中迅速传播，当抗生素治疗无效时，这会给人类和动物带来感染抗微生物药物耐药性病原体的风险。早期 AMR 检测和了解农村水产养殖实践中抗菌素耐药性基因 (ARG) 的传播对于粮食安全、人类健康保护和食品安全至关重要。在这里，我们应用宏基因组方法来评估孟加拉国中北部迈门辛区六个鱼类（罗非鱼和鲶鱼）养殖场池塘水中的 ARG 组成。我们发现池塘内的微生物群落具有相似的 α 和 β 多样性，多种 ARG 预计会对 18 种不同类别的抗菌药物产生耐药性。最常见的 ARG 赋予对氨基糖苷类和磺胺类药物的抗性，并且存在于与鱼类和人类病原体相关的分类群中。这种 ARG 多样性可能会导致对多种抗生素类别的耐药性，并质疑当前和未来土制水产养殖池塘中抗生素治疗疾病的有效性。每个养殖场内鱼塘之间的微生物和 ARG 组成相似，这可能与农业实践的相似性有关，从而产生了相似的微生物选择压力，从而产生了可比的微生物种群。如果不采取更加受控的抗生素使用方法，随着孟加拉国水产养殖生产的集约化，我们将不可避免地进一步加剧治疗和预防疾病爆发的挑战。
In Bangladesh, fish provide over 60% of animal-source food with 56.2% of this coming from aquaculture produced predominantly in rural freshwater ponds. Increasing demand for fish products is driving intensification and resulting in higher disease prevalence, posing a risk to food security. Biosecurity is often absent in rural aquaculture practices in Bangladesh and antibiotics are commonly used to treat and prevent disease outbreaks. Antibiotics are often administered incorrectly - a key factor associated with the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). AMR can be disseminated rapidly within microbial ecosystems via mobile genetic elements, posing a risk for humans and animals infected with AMR pathogens as treatments with antibiotics become ineffective. Early AMR detection and understanding of the spread of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in rural aquaculture practices is critical for both food security, human health protection and food safety. Here, we apply a metagenomic approach to assess the ARG composition in pond water from six finfish (tilapia and pangasius) farms in the Mymensingh division of North-central Bangladesh. We found microbial communities within the ponds had similar alpha and beta diversities, with multiple ARGs predicted to confer resistance to eighteen different classes of antimicrobials. The most common ARGs conferred resistance to aminoglycosides and sulphonamides and were present in taxa associated with both fish and human pathogens. This ARG diversity potentially confers resistance to a wide variety of antibiotic classes and questions the effectiveness of current and future treatment of diseases with antibiotics in earthen aquaculture ponds. The microbial and ARG compositions between fish ponds within each farm were similar, which may relate to parallels in farming practices creating similar microbial selection pressures and thus comparable microbial populations. Without a more controlled approach towards antibiotic usage, we will inevitably further exacerbate the challenges in treating and preventing disease outbreaks as aquaculture production intensifies in Bangladesh.