Mental representation and learning: The influence of practice on the development of mental representation structure in complex action
Mental representation and learning: The influence of practice on the development of mental representation structure in complex action
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.12.001
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Schack, Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frank, Cornelia;Land, William M.;Schack, Thomas
目的：近年来的研究发现，不同水平运动员的心理表征存在显著差异。这种差异表明，心理表征的结构随着技能水平的变化而变化。然而，研究如何这样的心理表征结构的发展过程中的学习是缺乏。在本研究中，我们研究的影响实践的发展一个复杂的行动在早期技能acquisition.Design：为此目的，我们创建了一个可控的学习情况下，使用重复测量设计与控制组的心理表征。更具体地说，新手高尔夫球手被随机分配到练习组（n = 12）或控制组（n = 12）。两组进行测试之前和之后的收购阶段的3天，以及后3天的保留intervation.Methods：心理表征结构的推杆记录，采用结构维度分析的心理表征（SDA-M），这提供了心理测量学数据的结构和分组的动作概念在长时记忆。此外，结果的实践组的性能进行了测量，使用二维错误分数的推杆。结果：调查结果显示，在任务性能的显着改善，以及在实践组的心理表征结构的功能变化。与此相反，没有明显的功能适应在心理表征的控制group.Conclusion：我们的研究结果表明，运动技能的获得与功能适应的动作相关的知识在长期记忆。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Objectives: Recent research has elicited distinct differences in mental representations between athletes of different skill levels. Such differences suggest that the structure of mental representations changes as a function of skill level. However, research examining how such mental representation structures develop over the course of learning is lacking. In the present study, we examine the effects of practice on the development of one's mental representation of a complex action during early skill acquisition.Design: For this purpose, we created a controllable learning situation, using a repeated-measures design with a control group. More specifically, novice golfers were randomly assigned to either a practice group (n = 12) or a control group (n = 12). Both groups were tested before and after an acquisition phase of three days as well as after a three day retention interval.Methods: Mental representation structures of the putt were recorded, employing the structural dimensional analysis of mental representation (SDA-M), which provides psychometric data on the structure and grouping of action concepts in long-term memory. In addition, outcome performance of the practice group was measured, using two-dimensional error scores of the putt.Results: Findings revealed a significant improvement in task performance, as well as functional changes in the structure of the practice group's mental representation. In contrast, no functional adaptations were evident in the mental representation of the control group.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that motor skill acquisition is associated with functional adaptations of action-related knowledge in long-term memory. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.