Genotoxic effects of deoxynivalenol in broiler chickens fed low-protein feeds
Genotoxic effects of deoxynivalenol in broiler chickens fed low-protein feeds
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DOI：
10.3382/ps.2011-01742
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Boehm, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Awad, W. A.;Ghareeb, K.;Boehm, J.
脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）是食品和饲料中含量最丰富、最重要的一种腐镰刀菌烯类化合物，由于其在全球范围内频繁出现并达到毒理学相关浓度，因此是一种重要的污染物。脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇对雏鸡的健康和生产性能有负面影响。然而，关于DON对血淋巴细胞DNA片段化的影响的信息很少。此外，尚未证明向受DON污染的肉鸡饲料中添加Mycofix select（Biomin GmbH，Herzogenburg，Austria）对淋巴细胞DNA的影响。因此，本研究的目的是建立DON对肉鸡脂质过氧化和淋巴细胞DNA片段化的影响，并评估Mycofix select在预防毒素介导的变化方面的潜力。选用1日龄罗斯308肉仔鸡32只，随机分为4组。对照组饲喂未污染的饲料，第二组饲喂相同的饲料，但补充Mycofix select（0.25%）。第三组肉鸡饲喂人工污染的饲料10毫克饲料级DON/公斤的饮食，和第四组饲喂DON污染的饮食补充Mycofix选择。在喂养试验结束时，收集血液，并通过彗星试验测量血浆中淋巴细胞DNA损伤的程度。脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇使鸡淋巴细胞DNA损伤量增加46.8%（P - 0.016）。Mycofix选择保护淋巴细胞DNA免受DON影响。据我们所知，这些是第一个数据的遗传毒性作用的中等剂量的DON对鸡淋巴细胞。然而，肝中硫代巴比妥酸反应物质水平和肝酶活性在各组之间没有差异。因此，本研究表明，在饲料中添加中等水平的真菌毒素DON，结合低蛋白饲料能够诱导鸡淋巴细胞DNA损伤。补充Mycofix select对淋巴细胞DNA有保护作用，有利于维持淋巴细胞DNA的完整性。
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most abundant and important trichothecenes in food and feed, and it is a significant contaminant due to its frequent occurrence at toxicologically relevant concentrations worldwide. Deoxynivalenol has negative influences on the health and performance of chicks. However, there is little information available regarding the effect of DON on DNA fragmentation in blood lymphocytes. In addition, the effects of Mycofix select (Biomin GmbH, Herzogenburg, Austria) supplementation to DON-contaminated broiler diets on lymphocyte DNA have not yet been demonstrated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to establish the effect of DON on lipid peroxidation and lymphocyte DNA fragmentation in broilers and to evaluate the potential of Mycofix select in the prevention of toxin-mediated changes. Thirty-two 1-d-old (Ross 308 male) broiler chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups. The control group was fed a noncontaminated diet, and a second group was fed the same diet but supplemented with Mycofix select (0.25%). A third group of broilers was fed a diet artificially contaminated with 10 mg of feed-grade DON/kg of diet, and a fourth group was fed a DON-contaminated diet supplemented with Mycofix select. At the end of the feeding trial, blood was collected and the degree of lymphocyte DNA damage was measured in the plasma by comet assay. Deoxynivalenol increased (P - 0.016) the amount of DNA damage in chicken lymphocytes by 46.8%. Mycofix select protected lymphocyte DNA from the DON effects. To our knowledge, these are the first data on genotoxic effects of a moderate dose of DON on chicken lymphocytes. However, the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level in liver and liver enzyme activity did not differ among the groups. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the diets contaminated with the mycotoxin DON at moderate levels in combination with low-protein feed are able to induce lymphocyte DNA damage in chickens. Supplementation with Mycofix select protected lymphocyte DNA and it was beneficial for maintaining the lymphocyte DNA integrity.