Lack of malaria parasite transmission between apes and humans in Gabon
Lack of malaria parasite transmission between apes and humans in Gabon
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.1997.56.440
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发表时间：
1997-04-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Millet, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ollomo, B;Karch, S;Millet, P
国际医学研究中心（CIRMF）位于加蓬东南部疟疾高发地区，人类和类人猿（大猩猩和黑猩猩）生活在同一地理区域。在Franceville市的CIRMF灵长类动物中心（1994年为59只黑猩猩和9只大猩猩）的存在为调查疟疾物种从人类到猿类的交叉传播能力提供了机会。人类疟疾的主要媒介冈比亚按蚊（Anopheles gambiae）在灵长类动物中心和Franceville附近的一个人口稠密地区被发现。尽管人类中恶性疟原虫和疟疾疟原虫的疟疾传播率很高（在校学生中平均累积流行率为43%），但在为期6个月的调查中没有发现猿类感染疟原虫。然而，在少数黑猩猩和大猩猩中检测到针对恶性疟原虫和疟疾疟原虫的孢子体和血液阶段的低抗体水平。这些结果表明，猿类很少会在野外被感染了人类疟疾寄生虫的蚊子叮咬。在血清学证实感染的情况下，我们没有发现任何证据表明血期疟疾寄生虫能够进入配子体阶段。在CIRMF的灵长类群体中没有任何确定的疟疾传播周期，这表明猿不能被认为是该环境中人类疟疾寄生虫的动物宿主。
The International Center for Medical Research (CIRMF) is located in an area highly endemic for malaria in southeastern Gabon, where humans and apes (gorilla and chimpanzees) are living in the same geographic area. The presence of the CIRMF primate center housing apes (59 chimpanzees and nine gorillas in 1994) withing the city of Franceville provided an opportunity to investigate the capability of cross-transmission of malaria species from humans to apes. The main vector of human malaria, Anopheles gambiae, was found in the primate center and in a nearby populated area of Franceville. Despite high malaria transmission in humans in both Plasmodium falciparum and P. malariae (mean of 43% cumulative prevalence in schoolchildren), none of the apes were found infected with plasmodia during a six-month investigation. However, low antibody levels against sporozoite and blood stages of both P. falciparum and P. malariae were detected in a few chimpanzees and gorillas. These results demonstrate that only rarely would apes be bitten in the field by mosquitoes infected with human malaria parasites. In the case of infection proven by serology, we did not find any evidence that blood-stage malaria parasites were able to the gametocyte stage. The absence of any established malaria transmission cycle within the primate colony of CIRMF indicates that apes cannot be considered as animal reservoirs for human malaria parasites in this environment.