CHANGES IN VERGENCE MEDIATED BY SACCADES
CHANGES IN VERGENCE MEDIATED BY SACCADES
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DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1984.sp015186
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
ENRIGHT, JT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ENRIGHT, JT
当双眼注视在需要聚散度变化以及平均视觉方向的等效或更大变化的2个目标之间移位时，观察到的眼睛运动由Yarbus断言并且今天被广泛接受的由聚散度的缓慢对称变化组成，在其上叠加共轭（双眼平衡）扫视。not.sbd.as在所有测试的目标配置中，在扫视期间发生了聚散度总变化的出乎意料的大部分;观察到的值范围从某些任务中的约40%到大版本（4 °）时的基本上100%。与小的聚散度变化（<1 °）相结合。在后一种情况下，双眼一致性可以通过适当的不平衡扫视在约50 ms内恢复，而不是如所期望的那样在需要缓慢融合聚散运动的情况下在约500 ms内恢复。当需要更大的聚散度变化时，也违反了聚散度运动和共轭扫视之间的相加性，因为扫视期间的聚散度变化速率比扫视之前或随后完成所需的聚散度变化期间的速率大几倍。在这些测试中观察到的残余融合性聚散运动通常是强烈不对称的，并且通常几乎完全是单眼的。垂直扫视几乎与水平扫视一样有效，在调节聚散度的大部分预期变化方面。在强烈促成（或完全介导）预期聚散度变化的扫视中，观察到多达40-50%的扫视偏移中的目标特异性双眼差异;因此这些眼球运动不完全轭合，如术语共轭所暗示的。相反，眼睛在这种情况下表现得好像来自每只眼睛的视觉信息在扫视之前被单独处理，以便生成控制眼睛的开环扫视运动的神经信号。
When binocular fixation is shifted between 2 targets which require change in vergence as well as an equivalent or greater alteration in the mean visual direction, the observed eye motions do not.sbd.as asserted by Yarbus and widely accepted today.sbd.consist of slow symmetrical change in vergence, upon which a conjugate (binocularly balanced) saccade is additively superimposed. In all tested target configurations, an unexpectedly large fraction of the total change in vergence occurred during the saccades; observed values ranged from about 40% in certain tasks, to essentially 100% when large version (4.degree.) was combined with small vergence change (< 1.degree.). In these latter situations, binocular congruence can be restored within about 50 ms by appropriately unbalanced saccades, rather than about 500 ms, as expected if slow fusional vergence movement were required. When larger vergence changes are demanded, additivity between vergence movement and conjugate saccade is also violated in that the rate of vergence change during the saccades is several-fold larger than the rate before the saccade or during subsequent completion of the required change in vengence. The residual fusional vergence movement observed in these tests was usually strongly asymmetrical and often almost entirely monocular. Vertical saccades are nearly as effective as horizontal saccades in mediating a large fraction of an intended change in vergence. In saccades, which contributed strongly to (or fully mediated) an intended vergence change, target-specific binocular differences in saccadic excursion of as much as 40-50% were observed; hence these eye movements are not fully yoked, as the term conjugate implies. Instead, the eyes behave in such situations as though visual information from each eye is processed separately prior to the saccade, in order to generate the neural signals which control open-loop saccadic movement of the eye.