Effort and potential efficiencies for aquatic non-native species early detection
Effort and potential efficiencies for aquatic non-native species early detection
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DOI：
10.1139/f2011-117
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
West, Corlis W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoffman, Joel C.;Kelly, John R.;West, Corlis W.
我们的目标是确定所需的努力，为高概率的早期检测非本地浮游动物，底栖无脊椎动物，和鱼类使用德卢斯-苏必利尔港-一个五大湖港口在激烈的非本地物种引进压力-作为一个案例研究。最初，我们使用空间平衡随机设计分配样本。然后我们重新采样了港口，但将样本分配到几个目标区域。我们检测到21个非本地的无脊椎动物和10个非本地的鱼类物种，然而，许多罕见的浮游动物和底栖无脊椎动物可能会错过。两种设计没有显著不同的物种积累曲线，但目标区域设计样本具有更高的物种丰富度，并以显著更高的概率检测到非本地物种。有可能减少检测已建立的非本地物种所需的努力。相比之下，发现一种超稀有的新物种所需的努力仍然很大。根据统计估计理论，检测95%或更多的物种所需的努力可能超过750个浮游动物样本的计数（类似于500 000个个体，类似于90个物种），150个底栖无脊椎动物样本（类似于100 000个个体，类似于250个物种）和100个鱼类样品（类似于75 000个个体，类似于40个物种）。
Our objective was to determine the effort required for high-probability early detection of non-native zooplankton, benthic invertebrates, and fish using Duluth-Superior Harbor - a Great Lakes port under intense non-native species introduction pressure - as a case study. Initially, we allocated samples using a spatially balanced random design. We then re-sampled the harbor, but allocated samples to a few targeted areas. We detected 21 non-native invertebrate and 10 non-native fish species; however, many rare zooplankton and benthic invertebrates were likely missed. The two designs did not have significantly different species accumulation curves, but the targeted area design samples had higher species richness and detected non-native species with a significantly higher probability. It was possible to reduce the effort required to detect established non-native species. In contrast, the effort required to detect an ultra-rare, newly arrived species remained large. Based on statistical estimation theory, the effort required to detect 95% or more of species present could exceed enumerating 750 zooplankton samples (similar to 500 000 individuals, similar to 90 species), 150 benthic invertebrate samples (similar to 100 000 individuals, similar to 250 species), and 100 fish samples (similar to 75 000 individuals, similar to 40 species).