Cell type-specific transcriptome profiling in mammalian brains.
Cell type-specific transcriptome profiling in mammalian brains.
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DOI：
10.2741/4434
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cui F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LoVerso PR;Cui F
哺乳动物的大脑包含许多类型的细胞。神经科学在过去十年中的进步使我们能够从哺乳动物大脑中识别和分离出感兴趣的神经细胞。高通量技术的最新发展，如微阵列和下一代测序（NGS），在基因组规模上提供了关于合并细胞中基因表达的详细信息。因此，许多新的基因已被发现在细胞类型特异性转录调控的关键。这些差异表达的基因可用作特定类别神经细胞所特有的分子标记。使用这种基于基因表达的方法可以进一步将神经细胞类型区分为亚型，可能将其中一些与神经系统疾病联系起来。在这篇文章中，用于纯化神经细胞的实验技术进行了描述，其次是最近的微阵列或NGS为基础的常见神经细胞类型的转录组学研究的审查。最后对细胞类型特异性研究的前景进行了展望。
A mammalian brain contains numerous types of cells. Advances in neuroscience in the past decade allow us to identify and isolate neural cells of interest from mammalian brains. Recent developments in high-throughput technologies, such as microarrays and next-generation sequencing (NGS), provide detailed information on gene expression in pooled cells on a genomic scale. As a result, many novel genes have been found critical in cell type-specific transcriptional regulation. These differentially expressed genes can be used as molecular signatures, unique to a particular class of neural cells. Use of this gene expression-based approach can further differentiate neural cell types into subtypes, potentially linking some of them with neurological diseases. In this article, experimental techniques used to purify neural cells are described, followed by a review on recent microarray- or NGS-based transcriptomic studies of common neural cell types. The future prospects of cell type-specific research are also discussed.