Oral diseases: a global public health challenge
Oral diseases: a global public health challenge
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(19)31146-8
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发表时间：
2019-07-20
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Watt, Richard G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peres, Marco A.;Macpherson, Lorna M. D.;Watt, Richard G.
口腔疾病是全球最流行的疾病之一，具有严重的健康和经济负担，大大降低了受影响者的生活质量。全球最普遍和最严重的口腔疾病是龋齿（蛀牙）、牙周病、牙齿脱落以及嘴唇和口腔癌。在关于口腔健康的系列中的两篇论文中的第一篇中，我们描述了全球口腔疾病流行的范围，其社会和商业决定因素的起源，以及其在人口福祉和社会影响方面的成本。虽然口腔疾病在很大程度上是可以预防的，但它们的流行率仍然很高，反映了普遍的社会和经济不平等以及预防和治疗资金不足，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家。与大多数非传染性疾病（NCD）一样，口腔疾病是慢性的，具有强烈的社会模式。生活在贫困中的儿童、社会边缘群体和老年人受口腔疾病的影响最大，并且难以获得牙科护理。在许多低收入国家，口腔疾病基本上得不到治疗，因为治疗费用超过了现有资源。慢性未经治疗的口腔疾病的个人后果往往是严重的，可能包括持续疼痛，败血症，生活质量下降，失去上学时间，家庭生活中断和工作效率下降。治疗口腔疾病的费用给家庭和卫生保健系统带来了巨大的经济负担。毫无疑问，口腔疾病是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，特别令人关切的是，在许多与更广泛的社会、经济和商业变化有关的中低收入国家，口腔疾病的流行率不断上升。通过描述口腔疾病的程度和后果、其社会和商业决定因素以及其在全球卫生政策中的持续忽视，我们旨在强调迫切需要将口腔疾病作为全球卫生优先事项。
Oral diseases are among the most prevalent diseases globally and have serious health and economic burdens, greatly reducing quality of life for those affected. The most prevalent and consequential oral diseases globally are dental caries (tooth decay), periodontal disease, tooth loss, and cancers of the lips and oral cavity. In this first of two papers in a Series on oral health, we describe the scope of the global oral disease epidemic, its origins in terms of social and commercial determinants, and its costs in terms of population wellbeing and societal impact. Although oral diseases are largely preventable, they persist with high prevalence, reflecting widespread social and economic inequalities and inadequate funding for prevention and treatment, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). As with most non-communicable diseases (NCDs), oral conditions are chronic and strongly socially patterned. Children living in poverty, socially marginalised groups, and older people are the most affected by oral diseases, and have poor access to dental care. In many LMICs, oral diseases remain largely untreated because the treatment costs exceed available resources. The personal consequences of chronic untreated oral diseases are often severe and can include unremitting pain, sepsis, reduced quality of life, lost school days, disruption to family life, and decreased work productivity. The costs of treating oral diseases impose large economic burdens to families and health-care systems. Oral diseases are undoubtedly a global public health problem, with particular concern over their rising prevalence in many LMICs linked to wider social, economic, and commercial changes. By describing the extent and consequences of oral diseases, their social and commercial determinants, and their ongoing neglect in global health policy, we aim to highlight the urgent need to address oral diseases among other NCDs as a global health priority.