The effects of sample selection bias on racial differences in child abuse reporting
The effects of sample selection bias on racial differences in child abuse reporting
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DOI：
10.1016/s0145-2134(97)00131-2
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发表时间：
1998-02-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Myers, SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ards, S;Chung, CJ;Myers, SL
目的：目的是检查是否设计特点的第一波，1980年全国发病率研究（NIS）的数据导致样本选择偏差时，某些受害者的虐待被排除在外。使用最大似然法估计黑人（n = 511）和白色儿童向儿童保护服务（CPS）报告虐待儿童的概率的逻辑回归模型（n = 2499）虐待儿童病例。模型估计有和没有校正的选择偏差，使用两个步骤提出的Heckman.Results：实质性的差异被发现在黑色和白色受害者的特征来源的报告和虐待的类型。还发现，在每个种族群体之间的抽样机构和非抽样机构有相当大的差异。样本选择偏差影响了白色和黑人虐待儿童报告率的估计。然而，在黑人样本中，样本选择偏差的影响是减少报告机构和身体虐待和性虐待对报告率的影响的统计意义。在白色样本中，最重要的因素在基本模型中保持统计学显着的校正选择bias.Conclusions：选择偏差被认为是由排除家人，朋友和邻居在NIS样本设计。这种排斥的影响是改变了对黑人报告虐待儿童的决定因素的解释，但在白人中却没有。因此，鉴于NIS的研究设计，必须谨慎地得出关于虐待儿童的种族差异的结论。(C)1998 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Objective: The aim was to examine whether design features of Wave 1, 1980 National Incidence Study (NIS) data resulted in sample selection bias when certain victims of maltreatment were excluded.Method: Logistic regression models for the probability of child abuse reports to the child protective services (CPS) were estimated using maximum likelihood methods for Black (n = 511) and White (n = 2499) child abuse cases. The models were estimated with and without correction for selection bias using a two-step procedure proposed by Heckman.Results: Substantial differences were found in the characteristics of Black and White victims by source of report and by type of maltreatment. Also found were sizeable differences within each racial group between sampled agencies and nonsampled agencies. Sample selection bias affected the estimation of both White and Black child abuse reporting rates. In the Black sample, however, the effect of sample selection bias was to reduce the statistical significance of the impacts of reporting agency and physical and sexual abuse on report rates. In the White sample, most significant factors in the basic model remained statistically significant with correction for selection bias.Conclusions: Selection bias was found to be caused by the exclusion of family, friends, and neighbors in the NIS sample design. Such exclusion has the effect of altering the interpretation of the determinants of child abuse reporting among Blacks, but not among Whites. Thus, conclusions about racial differences in child maltreatment must be reached cautiously, given the NIS study design. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd.