How do neonicotinoids affect social bees? Linking proximate mechanisms to ecological impacts
How do neonicotinoids affect social bees? Linking proximate mechanisms to ecological impacts
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DOI：
10.1016/bs.aiip.2023.01.004
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发表时间：
2023-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Raine, Nigel E.
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文献类型：
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作者：
Crall, James D.;Raine, Nigel E.
新烟碱类杀虫剂是全球使用最广泛的农用化学品之一。鉴于蜜蜂对生物多样性、作物生产力和人类健康的至关重要性，近几十年来，研究人员和公众对类烟碱类化合物对蜜蜂的影响及其提供的授粉服务产生了浓厚的兴趣。社会蜜蜂（例如蜜蜂，无刺蜂和熊蜂）对于支持作物生产力特别重要，但在了解类烟碱对群体健康的影响方面仍然存在重大的知识差距。在这里，我们回顾了目前的知识，类烟碱暴露如何影响社会蜜蜂，包括如何对个人的直接影响可以影响殖民地的表现，以及殖民地国家和集体行为在调节这些影响的潜在作用。我们特别关注预测类尼古丁的现实影响的挑战性方面（包括压力源相互作用，生活史，复杂的暴露途径和分类学考虑），这些方面与监管决策具有实际意义，并突出了当前的知识差距。最后，我们概述了新出现的问题和方法，并强调了作物生产和生物多样性保护互利成果的潜力。
Neonicotinoid insecticides are among the most widely used agrochemicals globally. Given the critical importance of bees for biodiversity, crop productivity, and human health, recent decades have seen substantial interest in the impacts of neonicotinoids on bees and the pollination services they provide, both among researchers and the public. Social bees (e.g. honey bees, stingless bees, and bumble bees) are especially important for supporting crop productivity, yet significant knowledge gaps remain in understanding the impacts of neonicotinoids on colony health. Here, we review current knowledge on how neonicotinoid exposure affects social bees, including how direct effects on individuals can impact colony performance, as well as the potential roles of colony state and collective behaviour in modulating these effects. We focus in particular on challenging aspects of predicting real-world impacts of neonicotinoids (including stressor interactions, life history, complex routes of exposure, and taxonomic considerations) that have practical relevance for regulatory decisions, and highlight current knowledge gaps. Finally, we provide an overview of emerging issues and methods, and highlight the potential for mutually beneficial outcomes for crop production and biodiversity conservation.