Bioprospecting for hyper-lipid producing microalgal strains for sustainable biofuel production
Bioprospecting for hyper-lipid producing microalgal strains for sustainable biofuel production
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.077
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Bux, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mutanda, T.;Ramesh, D.;Bux, F.
全球石油储量正在快速减少，这增加了对替代燃料的需求。微藻具有快速生长的能力，并合成和积累大量（约20-50%干重）储存在胞质脂质体中的中性脂质。成功的和经济上可行的基于藻类的生物燃料工业主要取决于选择合适的藻类菌株。微藻生物勘探的主要重点是从不同生境中识别独特的高脂微藻。具有高脂质产量的本地微藻物种在生物燃料工业中特别有价值。使用常规技术分离、纯化和鉴定天然微藻组合通常是耗时的。然而，最近使用的显微操作作为一种快速分离工具，允许更高的筛选通量。适当的培养基和生长条件对微藻的成功增殖也很重要。在取样点记录的环境参数对于优化体外生长是必要的。物种鉴定通常需要结合形态学和遗传学特征。选择的微藻菌株在高档系统中生长，例如用于生物质和脂质生产的跑道池塘或光生物反应器。本文综述了近年来为生产生物燃料所采用的场地选择、取样、菌种选择和鉴定、培养条件优化等方法，以获得上级油脂产量。详细讨论了微藻脂类和生物质的能量生成途径。(C)2010爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Global petroleum reserves are shrinking at a fast pace, increasing the demand for alternate fuels. Microalgae have the ability to grow rapidly, and synthesize and accumulate large amounts (approximately 20-50% of dry weight) of neutral lipid stored in cytosolic lipid bodies. A successful and economically viable algae based biofuel industry mainly depends on the selection of appropriate algal strains. The main focus of bioprospecting for microalgae is to identify unique high lipid producing microalgae from different habitats. Indigenous species of microalgae with high lipid yields are especially valuable in the biofuel industry. Isolation, purification and identification of natural microalgal assemblages using conventional techniques is generally time consuming. However, the recent use of micromanipulation as a rapid isolating tool allows for a higher screening throughput. The appropriate media and growth conditions are also important for successful microalgal proliferation. Environmental parameters recorded at the sampling site are necessary to optimize in vitro growth. Identification of species generally requires a combination of morphological and genetic characterization. The selected microalgal strains are grown in upscale systems such as raceway ponds or photobireactors for biomass and lipid production. This paper reviews the recent methodologies adopted for site selection, sampling, strain selection and identification, optimization of cultural conditions for superior lipid yield for biofuel production. Energy generation routes of microalgal lipids and biomass are discussed in detail. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.