Rice Yellow Stunt Nucleorhabdovirus Matrix Protein Mediates Viral Axonal Transport in the Central Nervous System of Its Insect Vector
Rice Yellow Stunt Nucleorhabdovirus Matrix Protein Mediates Viral Axonal Transport in the Central Nervous System of Its Insect Vector
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2019.00939
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发表时间：
2019-05
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Haitao Wang;Juan Wang;Qian Zhang;Tianbao Zeng;Yuemin Zheng;Hongyan Chen;Xiao-Feng Zhang;T. Wei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Haitao Wang;Juan Wang;Qian Zhang;Tianbao Zeng;Yuemin Zheng;Hongyan Chen;Xiao-Feng Zhang;T. Wei
持续传播的植物病毒在完成其在昆虫载体内的感染途径的过程中遇到多个膜和组织屏障。据报道，这些病毒中的一些可以克服中枢神经系统（CNS）的复杂屏障，通过神经组织传播，但这一过程的具体机制仍然未知。本文报道了核弹状病毒水稻黄矮病毒（RYSV）在绿色稻叶蝉（Nephotettix cincticeps）中枢神经系统中的轴突运输机制。用免疫荧光显微镜观察了RYSV在媒介昆虫体内的感染途径。RYSV首先在中肠区域的上皮细胞中检测到，从那里它进入神经系统，最后进入唾液腺。然后，我们利用免疫荧光和电子显微镜来研究RYSV颗粒在叶蝉CNS内的分布，证明在叶蝉α-微管蛋白与RYSV M蛋白直接相互作用后，无包膜病毒颗粒沿着轴突细胞质中基于微管的神经丝分布。微管蛋白抑制剂抑制RYSV传播到中枢神经系统，然后进入唾液腺的叶蝉。因此，我们描述了一种机制，植物病毒运输通过中枢神经系统的轴突作为一种替代手段的快速病毒传播的昆虫载体。
Persistently transmitted plant viruses encounter multiple membrane and tissue barriers in the process of completing their infection routes within their insect vectors. Some of these viruses have been reported to overcome the elaborate barriers of the central nervous system (CNS) to travel through the nervous tissues, but the specific mechanisms of this process remain unknown. Here, we report the axonal transport mechanism of rice yellow stunt virus (RYSV), a nucleorhabdovirus, in the CNS of the green rice leafhopper (Nephotettix cincticeps). The infection route of RYSV in the internal organs of its insect vector after ingestion of the virus was investigated by immunofluorescence microscopy. RYSV was first detected in the epithelial cells of midgut regions, from where it proceeded to the nervous system, and finally into the salivary glands. We then utilized immunofluorescence and electron microscopy to investigate the distribution of RYSV particles within the leafhopper CNS, demonstrating that non-enveloped viral particles distributed along the microtubule-based neurofilaments in the axon cytoplasm following the direct interaction of leafhopper α-tubulin with the RYSV M protein. Tubulin inhibitors inhibited the dissemination of RYSV to the CNS, then into the salivary glands in leafhoppers. We therefore describe a mechanism of plant virus transport through CNS axons as an alternative means of rapid viral dissemination in an insect vector.