Investigation of firebrand generation from an experimental fire: Development of a reliable data collection methodology
Investigation of firebrand generation from an experimental fire: Development of a reliable data collection methodology
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DOI：
10.1016/j.firesaf.2017.04.002
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Simeoni, Albert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Thomas, Jan C.;Mueller, Eric V.;Simeoni, Albert
在一个以松树为主的生态系统中，一种实验方法已经被开发出来，用于量化管理规模野火的特征和通量。通过对当地火灾行为的表征和对火种收集的时空变化的测量，首次将火种通量与火灾行为联系起来。这种联系被视为缓解荒地-城市界面（WUI）风险的第一步。数据分析可以评估该生态系统中与观测到的火灾强度相关的火种通量。在7.35 +/- 3.48 MW m（-1）至12.59 +/- 5.87 MW m（-1）之间的火灾强度范围内，观察到典型的火焰通量为0.82-1.36 pcs m(-2) s（-1）。实验方法被证明可以提供一致的实验数据，在火种收集区域内变化很小。粒径分布表明，面积为0.75 ~ 5x10(-5) m(2)的小颗粒最为丰富(0.6 ~ 1 pcs m(-2) s(-1))，总通量为0.2 ~ 0.3 pcs m(-2) s（-1）。实验方法和收集的数据显示了未来调查和量化火种产生的实质性希望，从而更好地描述了WUI的火种风险。
An experimental approach has been developed to quantify the characteristics and flux of firebrands during a management-scale wildfire in a pine-dominated ecosystem. By characterizing the local fire behavior and measuring the temporal and spatial variation in firebrand collection, the flux of firebrands has been related to the fire behavior for the first time. This linkage is seen as the first step in risk mitigation at the wildland urban interface (WUI). Data analyses allowed the evaluation of firebrand flux with respect to observed fire intensities for this ecosystem. Typical firebrand fluxes of 0.82-1.36 pcs m(-2) s(-1) were observed for fire intensities ranging between 7.35 +/- 3.48 MW m(-1) to 12.59 +/- 5.87 MW m(-1). The experimental approach is shown to provide consistent experimental data, with small variations within the firebrand collection area. Particle size distributions show that small particles of area 0.75-5x10(-5) m(2) are the most abundant (0.6-1 pcs m(-2) s(-1)), with the total flux of particles > 5x10(-5) m(2) equal to 0.2-0.3 pcs m(-2) s(-1).The experimental method and the data gathered show substantial promise for future investigation and quantification of firebrand generation and consequently a better description of the firebrand risk at the WUI.