Influence of salinity on physiological development and zinc toxicity in the marine medaka Oryzias melastigma
Influence of salinity on physiological development and zinc toxicity in the marine medaka Oryzias melastigma
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DOI：
10.1007/s10646-021-02429-y
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发表时间：
2021-06-09
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Takahashi, Chiho
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Horie, Yoshifumi;Takahashi, Chiho
为了确定是否海洋青鳉Oryzias melanoma是一个合适的模式生物，用于评估环境化学物质对海洋硬骨鱼的影响，我们研究了盐度对生理发育和锌毒性的影响。生长测量的总体长显着低于淡水相比，微咸水。在淡水中，生殖成功率也显著降低，尽管我们在所有盐度下观察到垂体中产生促性腺激素的细胞，如Gpa（常见糖蛋白激素α），Fshb（促卵泡激素β）和Lhb（促黄体激素β）。这些结果表明O.黑藻适应淡水和海水的不同盐度，微咸水最适合生长和繁殖等生理过程。当锌溶解在盐水中时，立即形成白色沉淀，并且溶解浓度在上清液中降低，在沉淀处增加。在淡水、微咸水和海水中进行了锌的早期和成体毒性试验。在成虫中，淡水中对死亡率的最低观测效应浓度（15.3毫克/升）低于微咸水（>48毫克/升）或海水（>48毫克/升）。同样，在胚胎和幼虫中，淡水中对死亡率的最低观测效应浓度（4.8毫克/升）低于微咸水（48毫克/升）或海水（48毫克/升）。这些结果突出了利用海洋生物评估海洋污染物生态影响的重要性。
To determine whether the marine medaka Oryzias melastigma is a suitable model organism for evaluating the effects of environmental chemicals on marine teleosts, we examined the effect of salinity on physiological development and zinc toxicity. Growth as measured by total body length was significantly lower in fresh water compared to brackish water. Reproductive success was also significantly reduced in fresh water, although we observed cells in the pituitary producing gonadotropins such as Gpa (common glycoprotein hormone alpha), Fshb (follicle stimulating hormone beta), and Lhb (luteinizing hormone beta) at all salinities. These results indicate that O. melastigma is adaptable to various salinities from fresh to seawater, and brackish water is best for physiological processes including growth performance and reproduction. When zinc was dissolved in saltwater, a white precipitate formed immediately, and the dissolved concentration decreased in the supernatant and increased at precipitate. We performed zinc toxicity tests on early life stage and adult stage in fresh water, brackish water, and seawater. Among adults, the lowest observed effect concentration for mortality in freshwater (15.3 mg/L) was lower than in brackish water (>48 mg/L) or seawater (>48 mg/L). Similarly, among embryos and larvae, the lowest observed effect concentration for mortality in freshwater (4.8 mg/L) was lower than in brackish water (48 mg/L) or seawater (48 mg/L). These results highlight the importance of using marine organisms to evaluate the ecological effects of marine pollutants.