SMARCAL1 Resolves Replication Stress at ALT Telomeres.

SMARCAL1 Resolves Replication Stress at ALT Telomeres.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2016.01.011
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发表时间:
2016-02-09
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Flynn RL
Flynn RL
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cox KE;Maréchal A;Flynn RL

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癌细胞通过利用端粒延长的机制来克服复制衰老,端粒延长是一个通常通过重新激活端粒酶来完成的过程。然而,一部分癌细胞缺乏端粒酶活性,并依赖于端粒替代延长(ALT)途径,这是一种基于重组的端粒延长机制。尽管调节ALT的机制还没有完全确定,但端粒上的慢性复制压力可能会使这些脆弱的区域为重组做好准备。在这里,我们证明了复制应激反应蛋白SMARCAL1是ALT活性的关键调节因子。SMARCAL1与ALT端粒结合,化解复制压力,确保端粒稳定。在没有SMARCAL1的情况下,ALT端粒上持续停滞的复制叉会恶化为DNA双链断裂,促进染色体融合的形成。我们的研究不仅确定了SMARCAL1在ALT端粒维持中的作用,而且也证明了复制应激的解决是ALT机制中的关键一步。
Cancer cells overcome replicative senescence by exploiting mechanisms of telomere elongation, a process often accomplished by reactivation of the enzyme telomerase. However, a subset of cancer cells lack telomerase activity and rely on the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway, a recombination-based mechanism of telomere elongation. Although the mechanisms regulating ALT are not fully defined, chronic replication stress at telomeres might prime these fragile regions for recombination. Here, we demonstrate that the replication stress response protein SMARCAL1 is a critical regulator of ALT activity. SMARCAL1 associates with ALT telomeres to resolve replication stress and ensure telomere stability. In the absence of SMARCAL1, persistently stalled replication forks at ALT telomeres deteriorate into DNA double-strand breaks promoting the formation of chromosome fusions. Our studies not only define a role for SMARCAL1 in ALT telomere maintenance, but also demonstrate that resolution of replication stress is a crucial step in the ALT mechanism.
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