Explaining the Evidence on Inequality and Growth: Informality and Redistribution
Explaining the Evidence on Inequality and Growth: Informality and Redistribution
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解释不平等与增长的证据：非正规性与再分配
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. DavisLewis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. DavisLewis
本文构建了一个简单的模型，既可以解释在跨国数据中观察到的增长与收入不平等之间的负关系，也可以解释在一段时间内观察到的国家内部的正关系。该模式采用正规和非正规部门的二元经济结构。增长是由正规部门的人力资本溢出驱动的。限制性机构对形式设置了障碍，从而降低了增长率并加剧了不平等。再分配税收降低了不平等，但削弱了积累的动机，降低了增长。体制结构在各国之间的差异大于在各国内部的差异。因此，阻碍正规化的体制障碍的差异可能是跨国数据中发现的增长与不平等之间的负相关关系的原因。随着时间的推移，在各国内部观察到的积极关系可能是由于再分配强度的变化。
This paper constructs a simple model that can account for both the negative relationship between growth and income inequality observed in the cross-country data and the positive relationship observed within countries over time. The model employs a dual-economy structure with formal and informal sectors. Growth is driven by formal sector human capital spillovers. Restrictive institutions impose barriers to formality that reduce the growth rate and increase inequality. Redistributive taxation lowers inequality but blunts the incentive to accumulate, lowering growth. Institutional structures vary more across than within countries. Consequently, variations in institutional barriers to formality may account for the negative relationship between growth and inequality found in the cross-country data. Variations in the intensity of redistribution may account for the positive relationship observed within countries over time.