Experimental Architecture? Vaulting and West Country Cloisters in the Late Middle Ages
Experimental Architecture? Vaulting and West Country Cloisters in the Late Middle Ages
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发表时间：
2006
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通讯作者：
Linda Monckton
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作者：
Linda Monckton
抽象、复杂和空间冒险的拱顶已被视为装饰建筑发展的关键元素。到了14世纪的第二个25年，这个西部国家已经成为英格兰最重要的跳马设计试验地区。本文从一系列西方国家修道院的角度来考察中世纪晚期拱顶的历史，其中许多修道院被拆除或很少被研究，以评估修道院在中世纪晚期英格兰修道院的演变和发展中所起的作用。研究表明，修道院的冥想、礼拜和游行用途使它们成为展示最奢华建筑效果的明显窗口。许多特殊的拱顶设计被采用，其中两个-风扇和利尔尼-在15世纪初成为声望工程的首选方案。扇形拱顶和列恩拱顶并不是为了获得认可或地位而竞争，两者都是创造垂直回廊的基础。
Abstract Complex and spatially adventurous vaults have come to be seen as a critical element in the development of Decorated architecture. By the second quarter of the 14th century it is the West Country that had become the most significant region within England for experiments in vaulting designs. This paper examines the history of late medieval vaulting from the perspective of a series of West Country cloisters, many of them demolished or little studied, in order to assess the role of the cloister in the evolution and development of lierne vaulting in late medieval England. It is shown that the meditative, liturgical and processional uses of cloisters made them an obvious showcase for the most extravagant architectural effects. A number of particular vault designs were employed, two of which — the fan and the lierne — became the preferred options for prestige projects in the early 15th century. Fan and lierne vaults were not in competition for recognition or status and both were fundamental to the creation of the Perpendicular cloister.