Visual laterality in the domestic horse (Equus caballus) interacting with humans
Visual laterality in the domestic horse (Equus caballus) interacting with humans
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DOI：
10.1007/s10071-009-0260-x
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Byrne, Richard W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farmer, Kate;Krueger, Konstanze;Byrne, Richard W.
大多数马都有一个更容易处理的侧面和一个他们喜欢的方向，最近的研究表明，当马观察无生命的物体时，情绪和视觉偏侧性之间存在相关性。由于这种偏侧化可以提供有关马的认知过程的重要线索，我们调查了马是否也表现出与人相关的偏侧化。我们让马选择从左边或右边进入滑道，有或没有一个他们不认识的人的被动的、非互动的存在。在这两种情况下，左眼都是首选的扫描方式，但当有人在场时，左眼的扫描效果更明显。传统上，骑手只能从左边控制马匹，所以我们用专门训练过两边的马匹重复了这个实验。同样，在人在场的情况下，无论马是否认识人，都有一致的左眼扫描偏好。我们还研究了马与人的互动，使用传统和双边训练的马。无论训练和测试程序如何，两组人都表现出左眼偏好。对于那些在被动和互动条件下测试的马，左眼在互动过程中更受欢迎。我们认为，大多数马更喜欢用左眼进行评估和评价，并且根据具体情况，这种选择可能是积极的或消极的。我们相信这些结果具有重要的实际意义，在训练方法中应考虑到情感侧化。
Most horses have a side on which they are easier to handle and a direction they favour when working on a circle, and recent studies have suggested a correlation between emotion and visual laterality when horses observe inanimate objects. As such lateralisation could provide important clues regarding the horse's cognitive processes, we investigated whether horses also show laterality in association with people. We gave horses the choice of entering a chute to left or right, with and without the passive, non-interactive presence of a person unknown to them. The left eye was preferred for scanning under both conditions, but significantly more so when a person was present. Traditionally, riders handle horses only from the left, so we repeated the experiment with horses specifically trained on both sides. Again, there was a consistent preference for left eye scanning in the presence of a person, whether known to the horses or not. We also examined horses interacting with a person, using both traditionally and bilaterally trained horses. Both groups showed left eye preference for viewing the person, regardless of training and test procedure. For those horses tested under both passive and interactive conditions, the left eye was preferred significantly more during interaction. We suggest that most horses prefer to use their left eye for assessment and evaluation, and that there is an emotional aspect to the choice which may be positive or negative, depending on the circumstances. We believe these results have important practical implications and that emotional laterality should be taken into account in training methods.