Molecular and Histopathological Changes Associated with Keratoconus.
Molecular and Histopathological Changes Associated with Keratoconus.
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DOI：
10.1155/2017/7803029
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Liu Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Khaled ML;Helwa I;Drewry M;Seremwe M;Estes A;Liu Y
圆锥角膜(KC)是一种角膜变薄的疾病，通过扩张、混浊和不规则散光导致视力丧失。它是西方国家角膜移植的主要指标之一。KC通常从青春期开始，进展到第三或第四个十年；然而，它的进展在不同的患者中有所不同。在圆锥角膜中，除内皮细胞外，其余各层均有组织病理学结构改变。尽管在过去的几十年里进行了大量的研究，但KC的发展和进展的机制仍然不清楚。遗传因素和环境因素可能共同参与了KC的发病。以前的许多文章都对KC的遗传学方面进行了综述，但在本综述中，我们总结了不同层次角膜的组织病理学特征，并讨论了KC影响的角膜中差异表达的蛋白质。这一综述将有助于强调KC中的主要分子缺陷，并确定与KC相关的其他研究领域，潜在地为KC预防和治疗干预的新方法开辟可能性。
Keratoconus (KC) is a corneal thinning disorder that leads to loss of visual acuity through ectasia, opacity, and irregular astigmatism. It is one of the leading indicators for corneal transplantation in the Western countries. KC usually starts at puberty and progresses until the third or fourth decade; however its progression differs among patients. In the keratoconic cornea, all layers except the endothelium have been shown to have histopathological structural changes. Despite numerous studies in the last several decades, the mechanisms of KC development and progression remain unclear. Both genetic and environmental factors may contribute to the pathogenesis of KC. Many previous articles have reviewed the genetic aspects of KC, but in this review we summarize the histopathological features of different layers of cornea and discuss the differentially expressed proteins in the KC-affected cornea. This summary will help emphasize the major molecular defects in KC and identify additional research areas related to KC, potentially opening up possibilities for novel methods of KC prevention and therapeutic intervention.