Genetics of the peloponnesean populations and the theory of extinction of the medieval peloponnesean Greeks.
Genetics of the peloponnesean populations and the theory of extinction of the medieval peloponnesean Greeks.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/ejhg.2017.18
复制
发表时间：
2017-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Drineas P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stamatoyannopoulos G;Bose A;Teodosiadis A;Tsetsos F;Plantinga A;Psatha N;Zogas N;Yannaki E;Zalloua P;Kidd KK;Browning BL;Stamatoyannopoulos J;Paschou P;Drineas P
伯罗奔尼撒半岛是欧洲古典文明的发源地之一，是欧洲古代历史的重要贡献者。它也一直是关于其人口祖先的争议的主题。德国历史学家Jacob Philipp Fallmerayer提出，中世纪的伯罗奔尼撒人被斯拉夫人和阿瓦尔人完全消灭，并在公元6世纪被斯拉夫人定居者取代。在这里，我们使用250万个单核苷酸多态性调查的遗传结构的伯罗奔尼撒半岛的样本中的241个人来自所有地区的半岛，并检查预测的理论取代中世纪的伯罗奔尼撒半岛斯拉夫人。我们发现相当大的异质性伯罗奔尼撒半岛人口的遗传不同的亚群和伯罗奔尼撒半岛内的基因流梯度的例子。通过主成分分析（PCA）和ADMIXTURE分析，伯罗奔尼撒人与斯拉夫家园的人口明显不同，与西西里人和意大利人非常相似。使用一种新的方法的定量分析ADMIXTURE输出，我们发现，斯拉夫血统的伯罗奔尼撒亚群的范围从0.2%到14.4%。Fallmerayer认为是斯拉夫部落或近东起源的亚群，没有显着的祖先。这项研究拒绝了中世纪伯罗奔尼撒人灭绝的理论，并说明了遗传学如何能够澄清人类历史的重要方面。
Peloponnese has been one of the cradles of the Classical European civilization and an important contributor to the ancient European history. It has also been the subject of a controversy about the ancestry of its population. In a theory hotly debated by scholars for over 170 years, the German historian Jacob Philipp Fallmerayer proposed that the medieval Peloponneseans were totally extinguished by Slavic and Avar invaders and replaced by Slavic settlers during the 6th century CE. Here we use 2.5 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms to investigate the genetic structure of Peloponnesean populations in a sample of 241 individuals originating from all districts of the peninsula and to examine predictions of the theory of replacement of the medieval Peloponneseans by Slavs. We find considerable heterogeneity of Peloponnesean populations exemplified by genetically distinct subpopulations and by gene flow gradients within Peloponnese. By principal component analysis (PCA) and ADMIXTURE analysis the Peloponneseans are clearly distinguishable from the populations of the Slavic homeland and are very similar to Sicilians and Italians. Using a novel method of quantitative analysis of ADMIXTURE output we find that the Slavic ancestry of Peloponnesean subpopulations ranges from 0.2 to 14.4%. Subpopulations considered by Fallmerayer to be Slavic tribes or to have Near Eastern origin, have no significant ancestry of either. This study rejects the theory of extinction of medieval Peloponneseans and illustrates how genetics can clarify important aspects of the history of a human population.