Prevalence of anemia and its determinants in urban school-going children of Mumbai
Prevalence of anemia and its determinants in urban school-going children of Mumbai
复制标题
孟买城市学童贫血患病率及其决定因素
DOI：
10.4103/2230-8598.123517
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Chowdary
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Sabale;S. Kowli;P. Chowdary
背景：世卫组织估计，约有20亿人患有贫血，其中约50%的贫血可归因于缺铁。在许多国家的学校实施每周铁和叶酸补充方案，以减少青少年贫血症的流行。目的：了解孟买城市学龄儿童贫血的基线患病率及其影响因素。设置和设计：本研究于2012年8月至10月进行，样本量为385名在政府资助学校六至十班进行系统随机抽样的学生。材料与方法：在获得书面知情同意后，采用预测的半结构式问卷对学生进行访谈，记录体重和身高。血红蛋白用氰化高铁血红蛋白比色法测定。数据分析采用SPSS 16。使用的统计分析：比例、卡方检验、相关系数和非配对t检验。结果：平均年龄为12.9岁，SD为1.5岁。贫血的总患病率为53.2%，女性和男性的患病率分别为56.5%和50%。轻度贫血占21.6%，中度贫血占30.9%，重度贫血占0.8%。年龄与平均血红蛋白值显著相关和负相关，15至19岁年龄组的患病率最高。贫血与月经初潮的达到显著相关。与女性相比，男性吃绿色叶菜、花生和鸡蛋的比例明显较高。与雄性相比，雌性的疲劳和心悸显著更高。很少有学生（2.9%）知道贫血。只有75%的学生愿意每周补充铁和叶酸一年。结论：男女均为贫血易感人群，15 ~ 19岁年龄组患病率最高。学龄儿童贫血知识知晓率极低。
Context: WHO estimates that around two billion people are anemic with approximately 50% of all anemia attributable to iron deficiency. Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation Program is implemented in school, in various countries to reduce prevalence of anemia in adolescents. Aims: To find out baseline prevalence of anemia and its determinants in urban school-going children of Mumbai. Settings and Design: The cross-sectional study was carried out from August to October 2012 on sample size of 385 school children, selected by systematic random sampling of class VI to X of government-aided school. Materials and Methods: After a written-informed consent, students were interviewed by pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire and then weight and height were recorded. Hemoglobin was estimated by cyan-methemoglobin method using a colorimeter. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 16. Statistical Analysis Used: Proportion, Chi-square test, Co-relation Co-efficient and Unpaired t test. Results: Mean age was 12.9 years with SD of 1.5 years. Overall prevalence of anemia was 53.2% with prevalence in females and males 56.5% and 50%, respectively. Proportion of mild, moderate and severe anemia was 21.6%, 30.9% and 0.8%, respectively. Age was significantly associated and negatively co-related with mean hemoglobin values with highest prevalence in age group of 15 to 19 years. Anemia was significantly associated with attainment of menarche. Practice of eating green leafy vegetables, groundnuts and egg was significantly higher in males as compared to females. Tiredness and palpitation were significantly higher in females as compared to males. Very few students (2.9%) were aware about anemia. Only 75% of the students were willing to consume weekly iron and folic acid supplementation for a year. Conclusions: Both males and females are susceptible to anemia with highest prevalence in age group of 15 to 19 years. Awareness of anemia was very poor in school-going children.