Dietary Macronutrients and Circulating Nonesterified Fatty Acids: A Secondary Analysis of the OMNI Heart Crossover Trial.
Dietary Macronutrients and Circulating Nonesterified Fatty Acids: A Secondary Analysis of the OMNI Heart Crossover Trial.
复制标题
膳食大量营养素和循环非酯化脂肪酸：OMNI 心脏交叉试验的二次分析。
DOI：
10.1093/jn/nxac187
复制
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mukamal,KennethJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahiawodzi,PeterD;Furtado,JeremyD;Mukamal,KennethJ
摘要背景非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）在糖尿病和心血管疾病的病理生理学中起关键作用。目的：我们试图确定是否大量营养素含量的差异影响NEFA浓度的随机交叉试验。方法从OMNI心脏试验（预防心脏病的最佳大量营养素摄入试验）参与者的干预后标本中测量总NEFA。OMNI Heart比较了3种健康饮食，以评估其对收缩压和血清LDL胆固醇的影响：富含碳水化合物的饮食（58%碳水化合物）;富含蛋白质的饮食（25%蛋白质），约一半来自植物来源;以及富含不饱和脂肪酸的饮食（21%不饱和脂肪），主要是单不饱和脂肪酸。该试验包括164名参与者，他们食用了3种饮食，每种饮食持续6周。分析了156名参与者的数据，这些参与者在所有饮食阶段的第6周访视时有未解冻血清可用。我们使用协方差分析和广义估计方程（GEE）比较血清NEFA浓度在3个饮食阶段。结果研究参与者的平均± SD年龄为52.9 ± 10.6岁，平均BMI为30.3 ± 6.1 kg/m2。55%的参与者是女性，55%是非洲裔美国人。每次饮食干预后校正的平均血清NEFA浓度的比较未发现统计学显著差异（58%碳水化合物：0.144 ± 0.083 mEq/L; 25%蛋白质：0.143 ± 0.076 mEq/L; 21%不饱和脂肪：0.143 ± 0.084 mEq/L; ANCOVA，P = 0.99）。同样地，我们在调整的GEE模型中没有观察到饮食引起的血清NEFA浓度的显著差异。在校正模型中，血清NEFA浓度正相关，如预期的那样，与女性性别和较高的BMI。结论在这项随机交叉试验中，我们观察到几乎相同的血清NEFA浓度后，每3个健康的饮食，无论常量营养素含量。
ABSTRACT Background Nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) play key roles in the pathophysiology of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Objectives We sought to determine whether macronutrient content differences affect NEFA concentrations in a randomized crossover trial. Methods Total NEFAs were measured from postintervention specimens of participants in the OMNI Heart trial (Optimal Macronutrient Intake Trial to Prevent Heart Disease). OMNI Heart compared 3 healthful diets to evaluate their effect on systolic blood pressure and serum LDL cholesterol: carbohydrate-rich diet (58% carbohydrate); protein-rich diet (25% protein), about half from plant sources; and a diet rich in unsaturated fatty acids (21% unsaturated fat), predominantly monounsaturated. The trial included 164 participants who consumed the 3 diets, each for 6 wk. Data were analyzed from the 156 participants with unthawed serum available from the week 6 visit for all diet periods. We used ANCOVA and generalized estimating equations (GEEs) to compare serum NEFA concentrations across the 3 diet periods. Results The mean ± SD age of study participants was 52.9 ± 10.6 y and mean BMI was 30.3 ± 6.1 kg/m2. Fifty-five percent of participants were women and 55% were African American. Comparisons of adjusted mean serum NEFA concentrations after each diet intervention identified no statistically significant differences (58% carbohydrate: 0.144 ± 0.083 mEq/L; 25% protein: 0.143 ± 0.076 mEq/L; 21% unsaturated fat: 0.143 ± 0.084 mEq/L; ANCOVA, P = 0.99). Likewise, we observed no significant serum NEFA concentration difference by diet in adjusted GEE models. In adjusted models, serum NEFA concentrations were positively associated, as anticipated, with female sex and higher BMI. Conclusions In this randomized crossover trial, we observed nearly identical serum NEFA concentrations after each of 3 healthful diets, regardless of macronutrient content.