Knowledge and information about ADHD: Evidence of cultural differences among African-American and white parents
Knowledge and information about ADHD: Evidence of cultural differences among African-American and white parents
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DOI：
10.1016/s0277-9536(97)00219-0
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发表时间：
1998-04-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Perwien, AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bussing, R;Schoenberg, NE;Perwien, AR
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）被认为是美国最常见的儿童精神疾病。尽管其患病率较高（估计为3% - 5%），但对于受该疾病影响的人群对ADHD的了解程度和知识来源，以及不同文化和种族在知识水平和信息来源方面的差异，我们知之甚少。这是一个严重的缺陷，因为包括对医疗服务的需求在内的健康行为被认为受到个人及其社交网络所拥有的知识或信念的强烈影响。此外，近期研究表明，少数族裔儿童接受ADHD治疗服务的可能性可能更低。为了研究在ADHD知识和信息来源方面可能存在的差异，对486名有ADHD高风险儿童的非裔美国人和白人家长进行了电话调查，并随后参与了面对面访谈，探讨他们对ADHD的解释模型。结果显示，在ADHD知识和信息来源方面存在显著的种族差异。表示听说过ADHD的非裔美国家长比白人家长少（69%比95%，P < 0.001），或者表示对其有一些或很多了解的非裔美国家长也更少（36%比70%，P < 0.001）。非裔美国家长比白人家长更有可能将ADHD归因于饮食中糖分过多（59%比30.0%，P < 0.001）。最后，尽管医生被两组都列为最受欢迎的信息来源，但只有17.5%的非裔美国家长报告说他们从医生那里获得过关于ADHD的信息，而白人家长的这一比例为29%（P < 0.01）。非裔美国家长报告说，他们对书面信息材料（报纸、期刊、图书馆）的使用和偏好都少于白人家长。我们得出结论，应该进行更多的研究来探究种族与ADHD知识之间的关系，以便开展符合文化背景的教育活动，并改善针对这种重要的可治疗儿童心理健康状况的服务获取途径。（C）1998年爱思唯尔科学有限公司。版权所有。
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is considered the most common child psychiatric disorder in the United States of America. Despite the high prevalence (estimated at 3-5%), little is known about the level and source of knowledge about ADHD among those affected by the disease, and about cultural and ethnic variations in knowledge levels and information sources. This represents a serious deficit, because health behavior, including demand for health services, is thought to be strongly influenced by knowledge or beliefs held by individuals and their networks. Furthermore, recent research suggested minority children may be less likely to receive services for ADHD. To examine possible differences in ADHD knowledge and information source, a sample of 486 African-American and white parents of children at high risk for ADHD were surveyed by telephone and subsequently participated in face-to-face interviews addressing their explanatory models of ADHD. Results revealed significant ethnic differences in knowledge and sources of information about ADHD. Fewer African-American parents than white parents indicated that they had ever heard of ADHD (69% compared to 95%, P < 0.001), or that they knew some or a lot about it (36% compared to 70%, P < 0.001) African-American parents were more likely to attribute ADHD to excessive sugar in the diet than whites (59% compared to 30.0%, P < 0.001). Finally, even though the physician was listed as the most preferred information source for both groups, only 17.5% of African-American parents reported they had received information about ADHD from the physician compared to 29% of whites (P < 0.01). African American parents reported less use of and less preference for written informational materials (newspapers, journals, library) than white parents. We conclude that substantially more research should be undertaken to examine the relationship between ethnicity and ADHD knowledge, to inform culturally appropriate education campaigns and to improve access to services for this important treatable child mental health condition. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.