Spatially Restricted Immune Responses Are Required for Maintaining Root Meristematic Activity upon Detection of Bacteria
Spatially Restricted Immune Responses Are Required for Maintaining Root Meristematic Activity upon Detection of Bacteria
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2020.12.048
复制
发表时间：
2021-03-08
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Geldner, Niko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Emonet, Aurelia;Zhou, Feng;Geldner, Niko
植物将免疫反应限制在脆弱的根部。空间限制反应被认为是必要的，以避免对根际微生物群的本构反应。为了直接证明空间限制性反应的重要性，我们在不同组织中表达了植物鞭毛蛋白受体（FLS2），并结合荧光防御标记物在细胞分辨率下进行免疫读出。我们的分析区分了细胞自主反应和非细胞自主反应。它揭示了木质化是一种普遍的免疫反应，与木质素化形成对比。重要的是，我们的分析将根分生组织分为FLS2表达难的中心区和FLS2表达敏感的皮层，在刺激时导致分生组织崩溃。分生表皮表达产生超能力系，可以检测原生细菌鞭毛蛋白，绕过对共生菌的弱或缺失反应，为研究根免疫提供了有力的工具。我们的操作和读数证明了分生组织活性和防御的不兼容性，以及细胞解析植物免疫反应研究的重要性。
Plants restrict immune responses to vulnerable root parts. Spatially restricted responses are thought to be necessary to avoid constitutive responses to rhizosphere microbiota. To directly demonstrate the importance of spatially restricted responses, we expressed the plant flagellin receptor (FLS2) in different tissues, combined with fluorescent defense markers for immune readouts at cellular resolution. Our analysis distinguishes responses appearing cell autonomous from apparently non-cell-autonomous responses. It reveals lignification as a general immune response, contrasting suberization. Importantly, our analysis divides the root meristem into a central zone refractory to FLS2 expression and a cortex that is sensitized by FLS2 expression, causing meristem collapse upon stimulation. Meristematic epidermal expression generates super-competent lines that detect native bacterial flagellin and bypass the weak or absent response to commensals, providing a powerful tool for studying root immunity. Our manipulations and readouts demonstrate incompatibility of meristematic activity and defense and the importance of cell-resolved studies of plant immune responses.