Improving spatial prioritisation for remote marine regions: optimising biodiversity conservation and sustainable development trade-offs
Improving spatial prioritisation for remote marine regions: optimising biodiversity conservation and sustainable development trade-offs
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改善偏远海洋区域的空间优先顺序：优化生物多样性保护和可持续发展权衡
作者：
Cordelia Moore;B. Radford;H. Possingham;A. Heyward;Romola R. Stewart;Matthew E. Watts;J. Prescott;S. Newman;E. Harvey;R. Fisher;C. Bryce;Ryan J. Lowe;O. Berry;A. Espinosa;E. Sporer;T. Saunders
在偏远地区建立大型保护区，利益相关者重叠程度较低，环境信息有限，需要定期审查，以确保分区减轻主要威胁，填补代表性空白，同时实现保护目标。后续审查可以利用改进的方法和数据，有可能确定新的规划方案，在利益攸关方利益之间取得理想的平衡。本研究探讨了澳大利亚西北部的海洋分区系统，这是一个生物多样性丰富的地区，生物区系的记录很少。虽然地处偏远，但经济意义重大（即石油开采和渔业）。利用利益攸关方的参与来获取现有最佳生物多样性和社会经济数据，先进的空间分析产生了765个高分辨率数据层，包括代表119个科的674个物种分布。差距分析显示，目前拟议的分区制度是不够的，98.2%的物种低于《生物多样性公约》10%的代表性目标。一个系统的保护规划算法Maxan提供分区选项，以满足代表性目标，同时平衡这与行业利益。由此产生的情景显示，可以达到保护目标，对石油和渔业的影响最小，估计损失分别为4.9%和7.2%。这一办法填补了重要的知识空白，并提供了一个强有力和透明的方法，以调和行业利益与海洋养护。
Creating large conservation zones in remote areas, with less intense stakeholder overlap and limited environmental information, requires periodic review to ensure zonation mitigates primary threats and fill gaps in representation, while achieving conservation targets. Follow-up reviews can utilise improved methods and data, potentially identifying new planning options yielding a desirable balance between stakeholder interests. This research explored a marine zoning system in north-west Australia–a biodiverse area with poorly documented biota. Although remote, it is economically significant (i.e. petroleum extraction and fishing). Stakeholder engagement was used to source the best available biodiversity and socio-economic data and advanced spatial analyses produced 765 high resolution data layers, including 674 species distributions representing 119 families. Gap analysis revealed the current proposed zoning system as inadequate, with 98.2% of species below the Convention on Biological Diversity 10% representation targets. A systematic conservation planning algorithm Maxan provided zoning options to meet representation targets while balancing this with industry interests. Resulting scenarios revealed that conservation targets could be met with minimal impacts on petroleum and fishing industries, with estimated losses of 4.9% and 7.2% respectively. The approach addressed important knowledge gaps and provided a powerful and transparent method to reconcile industry interests with marine conservation.