Age and health indications assessed by silhouette photographs
Age and health indications assessed by silhouette photographs
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600816
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发表时间：
1999-08-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Lean, MEJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Han, TS;Morrison, CE;Lean, MEJ
目的：为了验证超重和中心脂肪分布使人看起来更老和健康状况更差的假设，设计：我们要求201名男性和161名女性观察者，年龄28 - 67岁，身体质量指数（BMI）17 - 45 kg/m2，估计8张女性志愿者的剪影照片的年龄，已知BMI和腰臀。分别呈现剪影照片，并将其分为三组进行分析：三组A，每个受试者的腰臀比= 0.7，每个受试者的BMI为22、24、29 kg/m2;三组B，每个受试者的BMI = 22 kg/m2，每个受试者的腰臀比为0.66、0.73、0.99; C组：BMI = 29 kg/m2，腰臀比分别为0.76、0.88、0.99。然后，观察者被要求判断发展心脏病的可能性，健康和长寿的轮廓，这是在四对控制BMI或腰臀比。结果：BMI 22 kg/m2的轮廓年龄估计为35岁，24 kg/m2的轮廓年龄估计为45岁，30 kg/m2的轮廓年龄估计为55岁，当BMI控制在22或29 kg/m2时，腰臀比越大，年龄估计值越大。腰围从65 cm增加到88 cm导致估计年龄增加25岁。髋关节狭窄也被判定为年龄较大。这些剪影被认为更有可能健康和长寿的是那些腰臀比较低的人（70%的观察者）和BMI较低的人（90%的观察者）。腰围与臀围比例在高BMI体型中的影响较小。观察者自己的BMI、年龄或性别对他们对剪影照片的年龄和健康状况的评估几乎没有影响。结论：使用新的剪影照片集，结果表明，超重或中央脂肪分布和窄臀部表明一个人年龄较大，健康状况较差。BMI为29.7 kg/m（2）的人似乎比BMI为22.2 kg/m（2）的人大15 - 18岁，腰部每增加一厘米，女性看起来就老了一岁，并且越来越不健康。观察者的BMI和年龄对结果的影响不大。
Objective: To test the hypothesis that overweight and central fat distribution make people look older and have poorer health.Design: We asked 201 male and 161 female observers aged 28-67 y with body mass index (BMI) 17-45 kg/m(2), to estimate the age of eight silhouette photographs of female volunteers with known BMI and waist and hips. Silhouette photographs were presented individually and grouped in three trios for analysis: trio A, each subject had waist to hip ratio = 0.7, BMI for each subject was 22, 24, 29 kg/m(2) trio B, each subject had BMI = 22 kg/m(2), waist to hip ratio for each subject was 0.66, 0.73, 0.99; and trio C, each subject had BMI = 29 kg/m(2), waist to hip ratio for each subject was 0.76, 0.88, 0.99. The observers were then asked to judge the likelihood of developing heart disease, health and longevity of the silhouettes which were presented in four pairs controlling either for BMI or waist to hip ratio.Results: The age of a silhouette with BMI 22 kg/m(2) was estimated to be 35 y, 24 kg/m(2) to be 45 y, and 30 kg/m(2) to be 55 y, when waist to hip ratio was matched at 0.7, When BMI was controlled at either 22 or 29 kg/m(2), higher waist to hip ratio led to a greater age estimation. An increase from a 65 cm to 88 cm waist circumference led to an estimate of 25 y older. Narrow hips was also judged as older. The silhouettes judged the more likely to be healthy and live longer were those with the lower waist to hip ratio (by 70% observers), and the lower BMI (by 90% observers). Waist to hip ratio appeared less influential when BMI of the silhouettes was high. The observers' own BMI, age or sex had little influences on their assessments of the age and health status of the silhouette photographs.Conclusions: Using novel sets of silhouette photographs, it was shown that overweight or central fat distribution and narrow hips suggest a person is older and has poorer health: People with BMI 29.7 kg/m(2) appear to be 15-18 y older than those with BMI 22.2 kg/m(2), each extra cm on the waist makes women appear to look a year older, and progressively less healthy. BMI and age of the observers had little influences on the findings.