Effects of habitat area, isolation, and landscape diversity on plant species richness of calcareous grasslands
Effects of habitat area, isolation, and landscape diversity on plant species richness of calcareous grasslands
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DOI：
10.1023/b:bioc.0000021323.18165.58
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发表时间：
2004-07-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Tscharntke, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krauss, J;Klein, AM;Tscharntke, T
石灰质草原具有高度的生物多样性，但在中欧高度分散和濒临灭绝。我们测试了生境面积，生境隔离，景观多样性的维管植物物种丰富度的相对重要性。植物被记录在31个石灰质草原附近的城市哥廷根（德国），并分为栖息地专家和通才物种。我们预计，栖息地专家更受面积和隔离，和栖息地通才更多的景观多样性。在多元回归分析中，栖息地专家（n = 66种）和栖息地通才（n = 242）的物种丰富度增加与栖息地面积，而栖息地隔离或景观多样性没有显着的影响。与预测相反，栖息地专家没有更多的影响减少栖息地面积比通才。这可能是由于小草原上长寿植物专家的延迟灭绝造成的。此外，非专业人士可能会受益于高栖息地异质性在大草原相比，栖息地专家。尽管栖息地隔离和景观多样性对当地植物多样性没有显着影响，但在一个研究地点内平均只发现了总物种库54%的栖息地专家。总之，栖息地面积是重要的植物物种保护，但栖息地之间的区域变化也贡献了重要的46%的总物种丰富度。
Calcareous grasslands harbour a high biodiversity, but are highly fragmented and endangered in central Europe. We tested the relative importance of habitat area, habitat isolation, and landscape diversity for species richness of vascular plants. Plants were recorded on 31 calcareous grasslands in the vicinity of the city of Gottingen (Germany) and were divided into habitat specialist and generalist species. We expected that habitat specialists were more affected by area and isolation, and habitat generalists more by landscape diversity. In multiple regression analysis, the species richness of habitat specialists (n = 66 species) and habitat generalists ( n = 242) increased with habitat area, while habitat isolation or landscape diversity did not have significant effects. Contrary to predictions, habitat specialists were not more affected by reduced habitat area than generalists. This may have been caused by delayed extinction of long-living plant specialists in small grasslands. Additionally, non-specialists may profit more from high habitat heterogeneity in large grasslands compared to habitat specialists. Although habitat isolation and landscape diversity revealed no significant effect on local plant diversity, only an average of 54% of habitat specialists of the total species pool were found within one study site. In conclusion, habitat area was important for plant species conservation, but regional variation between habitats contributed also an important 46% of total species richness.