THE EDUCATION-HEALTH GRADIENT.
THE EDUCATION-HEALTH GRADIENT.
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DOI：
10.1257/aer.100.2.234
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发表时间：
2010-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Urzua S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conti G;Heckman J;Urzua S
在这篇论文中，我们确定了早期认知、非认知和健康天赋所起的作用。我们确定了教育对健康和健康相关行为的因果影响。我们建立了一个学校选择和毕业后结果的经验模型，其中学校教育和部分由学校教育决定的结果都受到测量的早期家庭环境和潜在能力(认知、非认知和健康)的影响。我们表明，家庭背景特征，以及10岁之前发展起来的认知、非认知和健康天赋，是30岁时劳动力市场和健康差距的重要决定因素。没有恰当地考虑个性特征，高估了认知能力在决定成年人健康方面的重要性。对生命早期决定的因素的选择解释了教育在健康状况不佳、抑郁和肥胖方面观察到的差异的一半以上。在解释许多成人结果和健康行为的差异时，教育具有重要的因果关系。我们发现了显著的性别差异。我们超越了目前通常估计平均效应的文献来计算治疗效应的分布。我们展示了在观察到的特征方面相似的个人之间，教育的健康回报如何不同，以及平均效应如何隐藏不同个人的得失。我们的研究强调了早年在生产健康方面发挥的重要作用。
In this paper, we determine the role played by early cognitive, noncognitive, and health endowments. We identify the causal effect of education on health and health-related behaviors. We develop an empirical model of schooling choice and post-schooling outcomes, where both schooling and the outcomes determined in part by schooling are influenced by measured early family environments and latent capabilities (cognitive, noncognitive and health). We show that family background characteristics, and cognitive, noncognitive, and health endowments developed by age 10, are important determinants of labor market and health disparities at age 30. Not properly accounting for personality traits overestimates the importance of cognitive ability in determining adult health. Selection on factors determined early in life explains more than half of the observed difference by education in poor health, depression, and obesity. Education has an important causal effect in explaining differences in many adult outcomes and healthy behaviors. We uncover significant gender differences. We go beyond the current literature which typically estimates mean effects to compute distributions of treatment effects. We show how the health returns to education can vary among individuals who are similar with respect to their observed characteristics, and how a mean effect can hide gains and losses for different individuals. Our research highlights the important role played by the early years in producing health.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Heckman, James J.;Stixrud, Jora;Urzua, Sergio
通讯作者：
Urzua, Sergio
DOI：
10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.01301001.x
发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Gottfredson, LS;Deary, IJ
通讯作者：
Deary, IJ
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Cutler, David M;Lleras-Muney, Adriana
通讯作者：
Lleras-Muney, Adriana
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Grossman, Michael
通讯作者：
Grossman, Michael
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Carneiro, P;Hansen, KT;Heckman, JJ
通讯作者：
Heckman, JJ