Composition and Bryomass of the Moss Layers of Two Wet-Tundra-Meadow Communities Near Barrow, Alaska
Composition and Bryomass of the Moss Layers of Two Wet-Tundra-Meadow Communities Near Barrow, Alaska
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阿拉斯加巴罗附近两个湿苔原草甸群落苔藓层的组成和苔藓质量
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4612-6307-4_6
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发表时间：
1978
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. R. Rastorfer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. R. Rastorfer
苔藓植物是北极苔原植被的主要组成部分（Steere, 1978），在一些植物群落中，苔藓植物的生物量往往超过维管植物（Kil’dyushevskii, 1964; Britton, 1967; Khodachek, 1969; Pavlova, 1969； Clarke等）。, 1971)。因此，在了解北极冻土带生态系统的结构和功能之前，必须阐明苔藓植物在定植、物种组成、初级生产和矿物质营养循环方面的地位和作用。本次调查的主要目的是确定阿拉斯加巴罗附近选定的北极冻土带栖息地苔藓和苔层的一般物种组成和苔藓质量。巴罗附近的景观以冰楔多边形为特征，这些冰楔多边形在微地形、地形、生物和群落因素方面变化很大（Drew and Tedrow, 1962; Britton, 1967; Smith, 1974）。虽然在巴罗地区出现了几种类型的冰楔多边形，但本研究主要集中在两个以支持湿苔原草甸群落的低中心多边形为特征的地区。这两个研究区域都代表了两个美国苔原生物群落计划强化研究地点的一部分，这两个地点被指定为IBP地点2和4。
Bryophytes are major components of arctic tundra vegetation (Steere, 1978) and in some plant communities bryophytes often exceed vascular plants in biomass (Kil'dyushevskii, 1964; Britton, 1967; Khodachek, 1969; Pavlova, 1969; Clarke et aI., 1971). Therefore, the status and role of bryophytes with respect to colonization, species composition, primary production, and mineral nutrient cycling must be elucidated before the structure and function of an arctic tundra ecosystem can be understood.The principal objectives of the present investigation were to determine the general species composition and bryomass of the moss and liverwort layers of selected arctic tundra habitats near Barrow, Alaska. The landscape in the vicinity of Barrow is characterized by ice-wedge polygons which vary consider-ably with respect to microrelief, edaphic, biotic, and community factors (Drew and Tedrow, 1962; Britton, 1967; Smith, 1974). Although several types of icewedge polygons occur in the Barrow region, the present study focused on two areas distinguished by low-centered polygons which support wet-tundra-meadow communities. Both study areas represented portions of two of the US Tundra Biome Program intensive study sites which were designated IBP sites 2 and 4.