Reduced Antibacterial Drug Resistance and blaCTX-M β-Lactamase Gene Carriage in Cattle-Associated Escherichia coli at Low Temperatures, at Sites Dominated by Older Animals, and on Pastureland: Implications for Surveillance
Reduced Antibacterial Drug Resistance and blaCTX-M β-Lactamase Gene Carriage in Cattle-Associated Escherichia coli at Low Temperatures, at Sites Dominated by Older Animals, and on Pastureland: Implications for Surveillance
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.01468-20
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发表时间：
2021-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Reyher, Kristen K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Schubert, Hannah;Morley, Katy;Reyher, Kristen K.
对于农场中具有人畜共患潜力的物种（例如 CTX-M β-内酰胺酶阳性大肠杆菌）中极其重要的抗菌药物耐药性的驱动因素知之甚少。我们于 2017 年 1 月至 2018 年 12 月期间每月在英格兰西南部的 53 个奶牛场收集样本，以及有关抗菌药物使用、管理实践和气象因素的 610 个变量的数据。我们在来自受粪便污染的农场和农场的样本中分别检测到对阿莫西林、环丙沙星、链霉素和四环素有 2,754/4,145 (66%)、263/4,145 (6%)、1,475/4,145 (36%) 和 2,874/4,145 (69%) 的大肠杆菌耐药性。靠近农场的地点。在 224/4,145 (5.4%) 份样品中检测到 bla(CTX-M) 阳性大肠杆菌。多水平、多变量逻辑回归显示抗菌干牛治疗选择（包括使用头孢喹肟或新霉素B）与较高的 bla(CTX-M) 阳性几率相关。较低的月平均环境温度与样品中 bla(CTX-M) 大肠杆菌阳性的几率较低以及发现大肠杆菌对四种测试抗菌剂中的每一种具有耐药性的几率较低相关。这是温度对大肠杆菌总密度影响的补充。此外，在小牛附近采集的样本中，大肠杆菌对每种抗菌药物具有耐药性，并且大肠杆菌对 bla(CTX-M) 呈阳性的可能性更高。在牧场采集的样本中，大肠杆菌对阿莫西林或四环素产生耐药性的几率较低，并且 bla(CTX-M) 呈阳性的几率也较低。 重要性 抗菌药物耐药性对人类和动物健康以及全球粮食安全构成重大威胁。出于多种原因，对农场的耐药性监测非常重要，包括跟踪旨在降低耐药性发生率的干预措施的影响。在这项对奶牛场抗菌药物耐药性的纵向调查中，我们发现当地温度（一年中的变化）与抗菌大肠杆菌的流行有关。我们还表明，牧场上的耐药性大肠杆菌流行率较低，而在幼年动物居住的环境中则较高。这些发现对常规监测和研究调查具有深远的影响。它们提供了重要的证据，表明在农场的单个时间点和/或单个地点进行采样不太可能足以准确确定农场关于是否存在含有耐药大肠杆菌的样品的状态。
Little is known about the drivers of critically important antibacterial resistance in species with zoonotic potential present on farms (e.g., CTX-M beta-lactamase-positive Escherichia coli). We collected samples monthly between January 2017 and December 2018 on 53 dairy farms in South West England, along with data for 610 variables concerning antibacterial usage, management practices, and meteorological factors. We detected E. coli resistant to amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, streptomycin, and tetracycline in 2,754/4,145 (66%), 263/4,145 (6%), 1,475/4,145 (36%), and 2,874/4,145 (69%), respectively, of samples from fecally contaminated on-farm and near-farm sites. E. coli positive for bla(CTX-M) were detected in 224/4,145 (5.4%) of samples. Multilevel, multivariable logistic regression showed antibacterial dry cow therapeutic choice (including use of cefquinome or framycetin) to be associated with higher odds of bla(CTX-M) positivity. Low average monthly ambient temperature was associated with lower odds of bla(CTX-M) E. coli positivity in samples and with lower odds of finding E. coli resistant to each of the four test antibacterials. This was in addition to the effect of temperature on total E. coli density. Furthermore, samples collected close to calves had higher odds of having E. coli resistant to each antibacterial, as well as E. coli positive for bla(CTX-M). Samples collected on pastureland had lower odds of having E. coli resistant to amoxicillin or tetracycline, as well as lower odds of being positive for bla(CTX-M).IMPORTANCE Antibacterial resistance poses a significant threat to human and animal health and global food security. Surveillance for resistance on farms is important for many reasons, including tracking impacts of interventions aimed at reducing the prevalence of resistance. In this longitudinal survey of dairy farm antibacterial resistance, we showed that local temperature-as it changes over the course of a year- was associated with the prevalence of antibacterial-resistant E. coli. We also showed that prevalence of resistant E. coli was lower on pastureland and higher in environments inhabited by young animals. These findings have profound implications for routine surveillance and for surveys carried out for research. They provide important evidence that sampling at a single time point and/or single location on a farm is unlikely to be adequate to accurately determine the status of the farm regarding the presence of samples containing resistant E. coli.