LARGE-SCALE SYNTHESIS OF CARBON NANOTUBES
LARGE-SCALE SYNTHESIS OF CARBON NANOTUBES
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DOI：
10.1038/358220a0
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发表时间：
1992-07-16
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
AJAYAN, PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
EBBESEN, TW;AJAYAN, PM
最近发现的纳米尺寸的空心石墨管3极大地激发了人们对碳纤维1，2的兴趣。关于这些纳米管的性质和潜在应用有很多猜测4 -8。理论研究预测，它们的电子性质将取决于它们的直径和螺旋度4，5。然而，由于缺乏材料的宏观量，这些想法的实验测试受到了阻碍。在这里，我们报告的合成石墨纳米管的克数量。我们使用标准电弧放电技术的一种变体在氦气气氛下合成富勒烯。在某些条件下，碳质存款在石墨棒之一上形成，该石墨棒由宏观（直径约5 mm）圆柱体组成，其中芯以高产率包含纯纳米管和纳米级颗粒。纯度和产率敏感地取决于反应容器中的气体压力。体纳米管材料的电导率的初步测量表明电导率为约100 S cm-1。
INTEREST in carbon fibres1,2 has been stimulated greatly by the recent discovery of hollow graphitic tubules of nanometre dimensions3. There has been much speculation about the properties and potential application of these nanotubes4-8. Theoretical studies predict that their electronic properties will depend on their diameter and degree of helicity4,5. Experimental tests of these ideas has been hampered, however, by the lack of macroscopic quantities of the material. Here we report the synthesis of graphitic nanotubes in gram quantities. We use a variant of the standard arc-discharge technique for fullerene synthesis under a helium atmosphere. Under certain conditions, a carbonaceous deposit forms on one of the graphite rods, consisting of a macroscopic (diameter of about 5 mm) cylinder in which the core comprises pure nanotubes and nanoscale particles in high yield. The purity and yield depend sensitively on the gas pressure in the reaction vessel. Preliminary measurements of the conductivity of the bulk nanotube material indicate a conductivity of about 100 S cm-1.