Templates for analysis of individual-level prescription data
Templates for analysis of individual-level prescription data
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1742-7843.2006.pto_257.x
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Stovring, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hallas, J;Stovring, H
基于人群的大型处方数据库的出现使我们能够以个体用户为分析单位研究药物使用。本综述介绍了三个非特定的分析模板，可应用于个人层面的处方数据。用患病率比值与发病率比值可以估计吸毒的平均持续时间。限制和陷阱进行了讨论。尽管应谨慎解释，但它提供了药物在使用者体内保留情况的合理排名。洛伦茨曲线是一种分析工具，用来表示药物使用的偏度。该表显示了按吸毒者数量排列的吸毒者所占的比例。它可以表示重度使用者以及零星少量使用者的程度，例如，可以用于筛查药物的意外滥用可能性。等待时间分布是在一个时间窗口内首次出现药物使用的频率分布。它构成了一个理论模型的基础，用于对患病率和发病率进行稳健估计。在直观的层面上，它显示了流行病学处方参数的视觉相关性，如时期患病率、时点患病率、发病率、持续时间、处方更新率、治疗复发率和季节性。每个测量可以被合并到反映每个药物或药物类别的利用中的各种特征的积分矩阵中，从而可能发现表明次优处方的异常。
The advent of large population-based prescription databases has enabled us to study drug use with the individual user as our unit of analysis. This review presents three non-specific analytic templates that may be applied to individual-level prescription data. The ratio of prevalence odds to incidence rate can estimate the average duration for drug use. Limitations and pitfalls are discussed. Although it should be cautiously interpreted, it provides a reasonable ranking of drugs with respect to their retention in users. The Lorenz curve is an analytic tool to express skewness in drug use. It shows the proportion of drug use that is accounted for by percentiles of drug users, ranked according to their volume of drug intake. It may express the extent of heavy users as well as sporadic small-volume users and may, for example, be used to screen for an unsuspected abuse potential of a drug. The waiting-time distribution is a frequency distribution of first occurrences of drug use within a time-window. It forms the basis for a theoretical model for robust estimates of prevalence and incidence rate. On an intuitive level, it displays visual correlates of epidemiological prescribing parameters such as period prevalence, point prevalence, incidence rate, duration, prescription renewal rate, relapse of treatments and seasonality. Each measure may be incorporated into an integral matrix that reflects various traits in utilization of every drug or drug class, thereby possibly finding abnormalities that suggest sub-optimal prescribing.