Impact of law enforcement on syringe exchange programs: a look at Oakland and San Francisco.
Impact of law enforcement on syringe exchange programs: a look at Oakland and San Francisco.
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DOI：
10.1080/01459740.1997.9966150
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发表时间：
1997-12-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Watters, J K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bluthenthal, R N;Kral, A H;Watters, J K
药物用具和处方法使得注射器交换计划（SEP）在美国的大多数州是非法的。尽管如此，截至1995年9月，SEP已经在25个州和哥伦比亚特区开始。在加州和新泽西等州，尽管警察逮捕了志愿者和客户，但SEPs仍在运作。我们研究的影响，警察的行动和威胁的SEP通过比较在西奥克兰的地下注射器交换网站（SES），在旧金山弗朗西斯科的菲尔莫尔附近的一个宽容的SES。利用以下数据来源：人口和服务利用数据从阿拉米达县交换（ACE）在西奥克兰和预防点针头和注射器交换（PPNSE）在菲尔莫尔，旧金山弗朗西斯科;人口和注射器交换利用信息收集的街头招募样本注射吸毒者（IDUs）在西奥克兰和菲尔莫尔;和参与者观察SES在这两个社区。我们发现，在西奥克兰的警察行动和警察行动的威胁减少了使用SEP的IDUs，限制了志愿者的数量和多样性在SES，并抑制了操作和扩展的SEP。
Drug paraphernalia and prescription laws make syringe exchange programs (SEPs) illegal in most states in the U.S. Nonetheless, SEPs have been started in 25 states and the District of Columbia as of September 1995. In some states like California and New Jersey, SEPs have operated despite police arrest of volunteers and clients. We examine the impact of police action and threat on SEPs by comparing an underground syringe exchange site (SES) in West Oakland to a tolerated SES in the Fillmore neighborhood of San Francisco. The following data sources are utilized: demographic and service utilization data from Alameda County Exchange (ACE) in West Oakland and Prevention Point Needle and Syringe Exchange (PPNSE) in the Fillmore, San Francisco; demographic and syringe exchange utilization information collected from street-recruited samples of injection drug users (IDUs) in West Oakland and the Fillmore; and participant observation of SES in these two communities. We found that police action and the threat of police action in West Oakland decreased utilization of SEP by IDUs, limited the number and diversity of volunteers at SES, and inhibited the operation and expansion of SEP.