Commentary on the contributions and future role of occupational exposure science in a vision and strategy for the discipline of exposure science.
Commentary on the contributions and future role of occupational exposure science in a vision and strategy for the discipline of exposure science.
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DOI：
10.1038/jes.2014.91
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发表时间：
2015-07
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Jahn S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harper M;Weis C;Pleil JD;Blount BC;Miller A;Hoover MD;Jahn S
暴露科学是一个不影响暴露源的整体概念。传统上，旨在减轻环境暴露的测量并不包括工作场所的暴露，而是将此类暴露视为工人与其雇主之间的内部事务。同样，职业（或工业）卫生通常无法解释环境对工作中健康状况不佳的影响。许多人一生中很长一段时间都在工作场所度过，与环境中的其他地方相比，他们可能会接触到更多、含量更高的化学物质。此外，工作场所的化学物质暴露和其他外源性压力可能会增加表观遗传和种系修饰，并遗传给后代。我们提供了暴露科学发展的简史，从其根源于工作场所暴露评估，包括一个附录，其中我们详细介绍了职业卫生组织提供的暴露科学教育和培训的当前资源。我们描述了职业和环境从业者在暴露科学领域现有的成功合作，这可以作为未来互动的模型。最后，我们为暴露科学领域提供了一个综合愿景，强调机构间合作、流行病学研究中完整暴露信息的必要性，以及整合职业、环境和住宅评估的重要性。我们的目标是鼓励职业和环境暴露评估领域之间的沟通并促进更多合作。提供更全面的暴露科学方法对于“暴露组”的研究至关重要，“暴露组”概念化了人一生中接触的总体情况，不仅包括化学暴露，还包括饮食、压力、药物、感染等以及个人反应。
Exposure science is a holistic concept without prejudice to exposure source. Traditionally, measurements aimed at mitigating environmental exposures have not included exposures in the workplace, instead considering such exposures to be an internal affair between workers and their employers. Similarly, occupational (or industrial) hygiene has not typically accounted for environmental contributions to poor health at work. Many persons spend a significant amount of their lifetime in the workplace, where they maybe exposed to more numerous chemicals at higher levels than elsewhere in their environment. In addition, workplace chemical exposures and other exogenous stressors may increase epigenetic and germline modifications that are passed on to future generations. We provide a brief history of the development of exposure science from its roots in the assessment of workplace exposures, including an appendix where we detail current resources for education and training in exposure science offered through occupational hygiene organizations. We describe existing successful collaborations between occupational and environmental practitioners in the field of exposure science, which may serve as a model for future interactions. Finally, we provide an integrated vision for the field of exposure science, emphasizing interagency collaboration, the need for complete exposure information in epidemiological studies, and the importance of integrating occupational, environmental, and residential assessments. Our goal is to encourage communication and spur additional collaboration between the fields of occupational and environmental exposure assessment. Providing a more comprehensive approach to exposure science is critical to the study of the “exposome”, which conceptualizes the totality of exposures throughout a person’s life, not only chemical, but also from diet, stress, drugs, infection, and so on, and the individual response.