The Contribution of Tangut to Trans-Himalayan Comparative Linguistics
The Contribution of Tangut to Trans-Himalayan Comparative Linguistics
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西夏语对跨喜马拉雅比较语言学的贡献
DOI：
10.47979/aror.j.83.1.187-200
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Hill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Hill
西夏语是为数不多的跨喜马拉雅语言之一，具有较早的证明时间和大量的文献。西夏语首次记录于公元 1042 年，比汉语（约公元前 1200 年）和藏语（公元 650 年）更年轻，但比缅甸语（公元 1113 年）更古老。随着公元 1227 年西夏政权被蒙古人夺走，这种语言逐渐衰落，最近已知的文本来自公元 1499 年。彼得·科兹洛夫于 1909 年在哈拉·科托挖掘出大量文献并将其转移到圣彼得堡后，西夏语的破译成为可能。现在，这种语言及其文学已被相当充分地理解和积极研究。尽管如此，该语言的历时发展却很少引起人们的关注。正在审查的工作在比较背景下处理西夏语的音韵学和形态学。雅克特别提到了 Japhug Rgyalrong，这是当今的一种口语。无论以任何标准衡量，这部作品的方法论严谨性和语言学复杂性都是杰出的。作者精通西夏文献学及其附属文献；该书以法语写成，参考了俄语、中文和日语的研究成果。西夏文本被直接引用并清晰地呈现。此外，雅克将他对贾普·嘉隆的广泛实地考察贯穿始终。
Tangut is among a handful of Trans-Himalayan1 languages with an early date of attestation and a vast literature. First recorded from 1042 C.E., Tangut is younger than Chinese (c. 1200 B.C.E) and Tibetan (650 C.E.), but older than Burmese (1113 C.E.). With the loss of the Tangut polity to the Mongols in 1227 C.E., the language gradually declined, with the most recent known text from 1499 C.E. The decipherment of Tangut became possible after Pyotr Kozlov excavated a sizable number of documents at Khara-Khoto in 1909 and transferred them to St Petersburg. The language and its literature are now reasonably well understood and actively researched. Nonetheless, the diachronic development of the language has garnered scant attention. The work under review treats the phonology and morphology of Tangut in comparative context. Jacques makes particular reference to Japhug Rgyalrong, a spoken language of our day. By any standard the methodological rigor and philological sophistication of this work is outstanding. The author has mastery over Tangut philology and its attendant secondary literature; written in French, the work consults research in Russian, Chinese, and Japanese. Tangut texts are cited at first hand and lucidly presented. In addition, Jacques brings his extensive fieldwork on Japhug Rgyalrong to bear throughout.