Ca(2+) in the dorsal raphe nucleus promotes wakefulness via endogenous sleep-wake regulating pathway in the rats.
Ca(2+) in the dorsal raphe nucleus promotes wakefulness via endogenous sleep-wake regulating pathway in the rats.
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中缝背核Ca(2)通过内源性睡眠-觉醒调节通路促进大鼠觉醒
DOI：
10.1186/s13041-016-0252-0
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发表时间：
2016-07-26
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Zhang YH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cui SY;Li SJ;Cui XY;Zhang XQ;Yu B;Huang YL;Cao Q;Xu YP;Yang G;Ding H;Song JZ;Ye H;Sheng ZF;Wang ZJ;Zhang YH
中缝背核（DRN）中的血清素能神经元参与睡眠-觉醒状态的控制。我们之前的研究表明，在戊巴比妥催眠期间，DRN中的钙（Ca2+）调节在快速眼动睡眠（REMS）和非REMS （NREMS）调节中起重要作用。本研究探讨了自由运动大鼠DRN中Ca2+对睡眠-觉醒调节的影响及其相关的神经元机制。结果表明，在大鼠DRN中微量注射CaCl2（25或50 nmol）可促进清醒，抑制包括慢波睡眠和REMS在内的自由运动大鼠的NREMS。在DRN中应用CaCl2（25或50 nmol）可显著增加DRN和下丘脑中的血清素，以及蓝斑和下丘脑中的去甲肾上腺素。免疫组化研究表明，在DRN中应用CaCl2（25或50 nmol）可显著提高DRN中5 -羟色胺能神经元、蓝斑去甲肾上腺素能神经元和皮质周围核羟色胺能神经元中促醒神经元的c-Fos表达率，而降低腹外侧视前核中gaba能促睡神经元的c-Fos表达率。这些结果表明，DRN中的Ca2+通过上调内源性睡眠-觉醒调节通路中的血清素能功能来发挥唤醒作用。本文的在线版本（doi:10.1186/s13041-016-0252-0）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) are involved in the control of sleep-wake states. Our previous studies have indicated that calcium (Ca2+) modulation in the DRN plays an important role in rapid-eye-movement sleep (REMS) and non-REMS (NREMS) regulation during pentobarbital hypnosis. The present study investigated the effects of Ca2+ in the DRN on sleep-wake regulation and the related neuronal mechanism in freely moving rats. Our results showed that microinjection of CaCl2 (25 or 50 nmol) in the DRN promoted wakefulness and suppressed NREMS including slow wave sleep and REMS in freely moving rats. Application of CaCl2 (25 or 50 nmol) in the DRN significantly increased serotonin in the DRN and hypothalamus, and noradrenaline in the locus coeruleus and hypothalamus. Immunohistochemistry study indicated that application of CaCl2 (25 or 50 nmol) in the DRN significantly increased c-Fos expression ratio in wake-promoting neurons including serotonergic neurons in the DRN, noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus, and orxinergic neurons in the perifornical nucleus, but decreased c-Fos expression ratio of GABAergic sleep-promoting neurons in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus. These results suggest that Ca2+ in the DRN exert arousal effects via up-regulating serotonergic functions in the endogenous sleep-wake regulating pathways. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13041-016-0252-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.