XV. Account of the changes that have happened, during the last twenty-five years, in the relative situation of double-stars; with an investigation of the cause to which they are owing
XV. Account of the changes that have happened, during the last twenty-five years, in the relative situation of double-stars; with an investigation of the cause to which they are owing
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十五。
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W. Herschel
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作者：
W. Herschel
在我关于这个问题的最后一篇论文中所载的《关于天体构造的评论》中，我把天文学迄今为止给我们带来的各种物体分为十二类。第一颗恒星是绝缘的。由于太阳系向我们提供了所有可能知道的细节，关于我称之为绝缘的恒星影响下的各种附属天体的排列，如行星和卫星，小行星和彗星，我在这里只说一点。不过，我们不妨说，最近新发现的两个天体无疑扩大了我们对绝缘恒星系统的了解。无论这两个新天体的性质如何，我们都知道它们是以规则的椭圆轨道绕太阳运行的。无论我们称它们为小行星，正如我所建议的;还是小行星，正如一位杰出的天文学家在给我的一封信中建议的那样;或者我们是否立即承认它们属于我们古老的七颗大行星。然而，在后一种情况下，我们必须承认，如果我们精确地说，它们应该被称为非常小的，离黄道的;因为其中一个轨道与黄道的倾角很大，达到35度，这当然是了不起的。另一个也是相当大的;它的纬度，我最后一次看到它，超过北纬15度。这些情况，再加上它们的微小性，表明在我们的太阳所拥有的附属天体之间，存在着比我们以前所知道的更大的各种各样的排列和大小，并扩展了我们对太阳系或绝缘恒星系的构造的知识。关于我的分类的第一篇文章的主题，我不需要再作任何补充;因此，我可以立即转到第二篇文章，这篇文章讨论的是双星的边真实的系统，或真实的双星。
In the Remarks on the Construction of the Heavens, contained in my last Paper on this subject, I have divided the various objects which astronomy has hitherto brought to our view, into twelve classes. The first comprehends insulated stars. As the solar system presents us with all the particulars that may be known, respecting the arrangement of the various subordinate celestial bodies that are under the influence of stars which I have called insulated, such as planets and satellites, asteroids and comets, I shall here say but little on that subject. It will, however, not be amiss to remark, that the late addition of two new celestial bodies, has undoubtedly enlarged our knowledge of the construction of the system of insulated stars. Whatever may be the nature of these two new bodies, we know that they move in regular elliptical orbits round the sun. It is not in the least material whether we call them asteroids, as I have proposed; or planetoids, as an eminent astronomer, in a letter to me, suggested; or whether we admit them at once into the class of our old seven large planets. In the latter case, however, we must recollect, that if we would speak with precision, they should be called very small, and exzodiacal; for, the great inclination of the orbit of one of them to the ecliptic, amounting to 35 degrees, is certainly remarkable. That of the other is also considerable; its latitude, the last time I saw it, being more than 15 degrees north. These circumstances, added to their smallness, show that there exists a greater variety of arrangement and size among the bodies which our sun holds in subordination, than we had formerly been acquainted with, and extend our knowledge of the construction of the solar, or insulated sidereal system. It will not be required that I should add any thing farther on the subject of this first article of my classification; I may therefore immediately go to the second, which treats of binary sidereal systems, or real double stars.