Changes in stream food‐web structure across a gradient of acid mine drainage increases local community stability
Changes in stream food‐web structure across a gradient of acid mine drainage increases local community stability
复制标题
酸性矿山排水梯度上河流食物网络结构的变化增加了当地社区的稳定性
DOI：
10.1002/ecy.3102
复制
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Harding, Jon S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PF Pomeranz, Justin;Wesner, Jeff S;Harding, Jon S
了解是什么让食物网保持稳定一直是生态学家的目标。拓扑结构以及食物网中相互作用强度的分布和大小已被证明具有重要的稳定性能。然而，我们对不同物种的相互作用如何影响食物网结构和稳定性的理解仍处于初级阶段。由于群落组成和体重分布的变化，人为压力，如酸性矿山废水，可能会对可用的食物网结构造成严重限制。在这里，我们使用机械模型来推断食物网的结构，并量化穿过酸性矿山排水坡度的溪流的稳定性。基于物种成对相互作用概率，为每个群落迭代多个食物网，以纳入现实食物网结构的可变性。我们发现，食物网的结构发生了系统性的改变，连接的数量减少了32倍，连接能力增加了两倍。无论如何估计相互作用强度，稳定性通常随着酸性矿山排水压力的增加而增加6倍。然而，稳定性指标的分布，S，对于一些受影响的社区，根据相互作用强度的估计被分成更高和更低等级的集群。受影响地点的管理和恢复需要考虑其稳定性的提高，因为这可能对可取物种的重新殖民化产生重要影响。此外，可能需要积极引进物种，以克服受影响社区的内部生态惰性。
Understanding what makes food webs stable has long been a goal of ecologists. Topological structure and the distribution and magnitude of interaction strengths in food webs have been shown to confer important stabilizing properties. However, our understanding of how variable species interactions affect food‐web structure and stability is still in its infancy. Anthropogenic stress, such as acid mine drainage, is likely to place severe limitations on the food‐web structures availabe, due to changes in community composition and body mass distributions. Here, we used mechanistic models to infer food‐web structure and quantify stability in streams across a gradient of acid mine drainage. Multiple food webs were iterated for each community based on species pairwise interaction probabilities, in order to incorporate the variability of realistic food‐web structure. We found that food‐web structure was altered systematically with a 32‐fold decrease in the number of links and a twofold increase in connectance across the gradient. Stability generally increased sixfold with increasing acid mine drainage stress, regardless of how interaction strengths were estimated. However, the distribution of the stability measure,s, for some impacted communities separated into clusters of higher and lower magnitude depending on how interaction strengths were estimated. Management and restoration of impacted sites needs to consider their increased stability, as this may have important implications for the recolonization of desirable species. Furthermore, active species introductions may be required to overcome the internal ecological inertia of affected communities.